Internet-Draft JOSE-voucher December 2020
Richardson & Werner Expires 25 June 2021 [Page]
Workgroup:
anima Working Group
Internet-Draft:
draft-richardson-anima-jose-voucher-00
Published:
Intended Status:
Standards Track
Expires:
Authors:
M. Richardson
Sandelman Software Works
T. Werner
Siemens

JOSE signed Voucher Artifacts for Bootstrapping Protocols

Abstract

This document describes a serialiation of the RFC8366 voucher format to a JSON format is then signed using the JSON Object Signing and Encryption mechanism described in RFC7515.

In addition to explaining how the format is created, MIME types are registered and examples are provided.

Status of This Memo

This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

This Internet-Draft will expire on 25 June 2021.

▲

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

[RFC8366] describes a voucher artifact used in [BRSKI] and [RFC8572] to transfer ownership of a device to from a manufacturer to an owner. That document defines the base YANG module, and also the initial serialization to JSON [RFC8259], with a signature provided by [RFC5652].

Other work, [I-D.ietf-anima-constrained-voucher] provides a mapping of the YANG to CBOR [RFC8949] with a signature format of COSE [RFC8812].

This document provides an equivalent mapping of JSON format with the signature format in JOSE format [RFC7515].

This document does not extend the YANG definition of [RFC8366] at all, but accepts that other efforts such as [I-D.richardson-anima-voucher-delegation], [I-D.friel-anima-brski-cloud], and [I-D.ietf-anima-brski-async-enroll] do. This document supports signing any of the extended schemas defined in those documents and any new documents that may appear after this one.

2. Terminology

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

3. JSON Web Signatures

[RFC7515] defines two serializations: the JWS Compact Serialization and the JWS JSON Serialization. This document restricts itself to the JWS Compact Serialization (JWT) format.

The [RFC8366] JSON structure consists of a nested map, the outer part of which is:

{ "ietf-voucher:voucher" : { ..some items }}

this is considered the JSON payload as described in [RFC7515] section 3.

The JSON Compact Serialization is examplained in section 3.1 or section 7.1, and works out to:

      BASE64URL(UTF8(JWS Protected Header)) || '.' ||
      BASE64URL(JWS Payload) || '.' ||
      BASE64URL(JWS Signature)

Note that this results in a long base64 content (with two interspersed dots). The content is transmitted within the HTTPS session in this base64 format, even though HTTP can accomodate binary content. This is done to be most convenient for available JWT libraries, and for humans who are debugging.

There are a number of attributes. They are:

3.1. Unprotected Header

There is no unprotected header in the Compact Serialization format.

3.2. Protected Header

The standard "typ" and "alg" values described in [RFC7515] are expected in the protected headers.

It is unclear what values, if any, should go into the "typ" header, as in the [BRSKI] use cases, there are additional HTTP MIME type headers to indicate content types.

The "alg" should contain the algorithm type such as "ES256".

If PKIX [RFC5280] format certificates are used then the [RFC7515] section 4.1.6 "x5c" certificate chain SHOULD be used to contain the certificate and chain. Vouchers will often need all certificates in the chain, including what would be considered the trust anchor certificate because intermediate devices (such as the Registrar) may need to audit the artifact, or end systems may need to pin a trust anchor for future operations.

4. Privacy Considerations

The Voucher Request reveals the IDevID of the system that is onboarding.

This request occurs over HTTPS, however the Pledge to Registrar transaction is over a provisional TLS session, and it is subject to disclosure via by a Dolev-Yao attacker (a "malicious messenger")[onpath]. This is explained in [BRSKI] section 10.2.

5. Security Considerations

The issues of how [RFC8366] vouchers are used in a [BRSKI] system is addressed in

6. IANA Considerations

6.1. Media-Type Registry

This section registers the the 'application/voucher-jwt+json' in the "Media Types" registry.

6.1.1. application/voucher-jose+json 

Type name:  application
Subtype name:  voucher-jwt+json
Required parameters:  none
Optional parameters:  none
Encoding considerations:  JWT+JSON vouchers are JOSE objects
                          signed with one signer.
Security considerations:  See Security Considerations, Section
Interoperability considerations:  The format is designed to be
  broadly interoperable.
Published specification:  THIS RFC.
Applications that use this media type:  ANIMA, 6tisch, and other
  zero-touch imprinting systems
Additional information:
  Magic number(s):  None
  File extension(s):  .vjj
  Macintosh file type code(s):  none
Person & email address to contact for further information:  IETF
  ANIMA WG
Intended usage:  LIMITED
Restrictions on usage:  NONE
Author:  ANIMA WG
Change controller:  IETF
Provisional registration? (standards tree only):  NO

7. Acknowledgements

Your name here.

8. Changelog

9. References

9.1. Normative References

[BRSKI]
Pritikin, M., Richardson, M., Eckert, T., Behringer, M., and K. Watsen, "Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructures (BRSKI)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-anima-bootstrapping-keyinfra-45, , <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-anima-bootstrapping-keyinfra-45.txt>.
[RFC2119]
Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC7515]
Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "JSON Web Signature (JWS)", RFC 7515, DOI 10.17487/RFC7515, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7515>.
[RFC8174]
Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8259]
Bray, T., Ed., "The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format", STD 90, RFC 8259, DOI 10.17487/RFC8259, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8259>.
[RFC8366]
Watsen, K., Richardson, M., Pritikin, M., and T. Eckert, "A Voucher Artifact for Bootstrapping Protocols", RFC 8366, DOI 10.17487/RFC8366, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8366>.
[RFC8812]
Jones, M., "CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE) and JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE) Registrations for Web Authentication (WebAuthn) Algorithms", RFC 8812, DOI 10.17487/RFC8812, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8812>.

9.2. Informative References

[I-D.friel-anima-brski-cloud]
Friel, O., Shekh-Yusef, R., and M. Richardson, "BRSKI Cloud Registrar", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-friel-anima-brski-cloud-03, , <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-friel-anima-brski-cloud-03.txt>.
[I-D.ietf-anima-brski-async-enroll]
Fries, S., Brockhaus, H., and E. Lear, "Support of asynchronous Enrollment in BRSKI (BRSKI-AE)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-anima-brski-async-enroll-00, , <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-anima-brski-async-enroll-00.txt>.
[I-D.ietf-anima-constrained-voucher]
Richardson, M., Stok, P., and P. Kampanakis, "Constrained Voucher Artifacts for Bootstrapping Protocols", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-anima-constrained-voucher-09, , <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-anima-constrained-voucher-09.txt>.
[I-D.richardson-anima-voucher-delegation]
Richardson, M. and J. Yang, "Delegated Authority for Bootstrap Voucher Artifacts", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-richardson-anima-voucher-delegation-02, , <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-richardson-anima-voucher-delegation-02.txt>.
[onpath]
"can an on-path attacker drop traffic?", n.d., <https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/saag/m1r9uo4xYznOcf85Eyk0Rhut598/>.
[RFC5280]
Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S., Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, DOI 10.17487/RFC5280, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5280>.
[RFC5652]
Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", STD 70, RFC 5652, DOI 10.17487/RFC5652, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5652>.
[RFC8572]
Watsen, K., Farrer, I., and M. Abrahamsson, "Secure Zero Touch Provisioning (SZTP)", RFC 8572, DOI 10.17487/RFC8572, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8572>.
[RFC8792]
Watsen, K., Auerswald, E., Farrel, A., and Q. Wu, "Handling Long Lines in Content of Internet-Drafts and RFCs", RFC 8792, DOI 10.17487/RFC8792, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8792>.
[RFC8949]
Bormann, C. and P. Hoffman, "Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR)", STD 94, RFC 8949, DOI 10.17487/RFC8949, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8949>.

Appendix A. Examples

These examples are folded according to [RFC8792] Single Backslash rule.

A.1. Example Voucher Request (from Pledge to Registrar)

The following is an example request sent from a Pledge to the Registrar. This example is from the Siemens reference Registrar system.

<CODE BEGINS> file "voucher_request_01.b64"

eyJhbGciOiAiRVMyNTYiLCAieDVjIjogWyJNSUlCMmpDQ0FZQ2dBd0lCQWd\
R0FXZWdkY1NMTUFvR0NDcUdTTTQ5QkFNQ01EMHhDekFKQmdOVkJBWVRBa0Z\
TVJVd0V3WURWUVFLREF4S2FXNW5TbWx1WjBOdmNuQXhGekFWQmdOVkJBTU1\
a3BwYm1kS2FXNW5WR1Z6ZEVOQk1DQVhEVEU0TVRJeE1qQXpNamcxTVZvWUR\
azVPVGt4TWpNeE1qTTFPVFU1V2pCU01Rc3dDUVlEVlFRR0V3SkJVVEVWTUJ\
R0ExVUVDZ3dNU21sdVowcHBibWREYjNKd01STXdFUVlEVlFRRkV3b3dNVEl\
TkRVMk56ZzVNUmN3RlFZRFZRUUREQTVLYVc1blNtbHVaMFJsZG1salpUQlp\
Qk1HQnlxR1NNNDlBZ0VHQ0NxR1NNNDlBd0VIQTBJQUJNVkdHOFo1cGpmNWp\
bnlyVXJYeVoxa1BncUJlM05YdTFkVEFEZStyL3Y2SnpJSGwzNTVJZ2NIQzN\
eHBpYnFKTS9iV1JhRXlqcWNDSmo0akprb3dDdWpWVEJUTUN3R0NTc0dBUVF\
Z3U1U0FnUWZEQjF0WVhOaExYUmxjM1F1YzJsbGJXVnVjeTFpZEM1dVpYUTZ\
VFEwTXpBVEJnTlZIU1VFRERBS0JnZ3JCZ0VGQlFjREFqQU9CZ05WSFE4QkF\
OEVCQU1DQjRBd0NnWUlLb1pJemowRUF3SURTQUF3UlFJZ1d0UHpJSVhZMml\
UlhKdEV4S0VoaFpkYTRYK0VwbFpvbUVJMnpBMGRzam9DSVFDM0pwUW1SWE1\
bi9wNEJ1OWl6aWk5MmVjbFR4NC9PNHJsbTdNeUxxa2hkQT09Il19.eyJpZX\
mLXZvdWNoZXItcmVxdWVzdDp2b3VjaGVyIjogeyJjcmVhdGVkLW9uIjogIj\
wMjAtMTAtMjJUMDI6Mzc6MzkuMDAwWiIsICJub25jZSI6ICJlRHMrKy9GdU\
IR1VuUnhOM0UxNENRPT0iLCAic2VyaWFsLW51bWJlciI6ICIwMTIzNDU2Nz\
5In19.Vj9pyo43KDEq0e5tokwHpNhVM0uUkLCatwNQxfsCKH8GRQ2iTT2fq\
39k40M-7S-vheDHHuBHFSWb502EPwkdA
<CODE ENDS>

It contains the following three parts:

Header:

<CODE BEGINS> file "voucher_request_01-header.b64"

{
  "alg": "ES256",
  "x5c": [
    "MIIB2jCCAYCgAwIBAgIGAWegdcSLMAoGCCqGSM49BAMCMD0xCzAJBg\
VBAYTAkFRMRUwEwYDVQQKDAxKaW5nSmluZ0NvcnAxFzAVBgNVBAMMDkppbm\
KaW5nVGVzdENBMCAXDTE4MTIxMjAzMjg1MVoYDzk5OTkxMjMxMjM1OTU5Wj\
SMQswCQYDVQQGEwJBUTEVMBMGA1UECgwMSmluZ0ppbmdDb3JwMRMwEQYDVQ\
FEwowMTIzNDU2Nzg5MRcwFQYDVQQDDA5KaW5nSmluZ0RldmljZTBZMBMGBy\
GSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHA0IABMVGG8Z5pjf5jXnyrUrXyZ1kPgqBe3NXu1\
TADe+r/v6JzIHl355IgcHC3axpibqJM/bWRaEyjqcCJj4jJkowCujVTBTMC\
GCSsGAQQBgu5SAgQfDB1tYXNhLXRlc3Quc2llbWVucy1idC5uZXQ6OTQ0Mz\
TBgNVHSUEDDAKBggrBgEFBQcDAjAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCB4AwCgYIKoZIzj\
EAwIDSAAwRQIgWtPzIIXY2ixRXJtExKEhhZda4X+EplZomEI2zA0dsjoCIQ\
3JpQmRXMGn/p4Bu9izii92eclTx4/O4rlm7MyLqkhdA=="
  ]
}


<CODE ENDS>

Payload:

<CODE BEGINS> file "voucher_request_01-payload.b64"

{
  "ietf-voucher-request:voucher": {
    "created-on": "2020-10-22T02:37:39.000Z",
    "nonce": "eDs++/FuDHGUnRxN3E14CQ==",
    "serial-number": "0123456789"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

Signature:

<CODE BEGINS> file "voucher_request_01-signature.b64"

Vj9pyo43KDEq0e5tokwHpNhVM0uUkLCatwNQxfsCKH8GRQ2iTT2fqD39k40\
-7S-vheDHHuBHFSWb502EPwkdA

<CODE ENDS>

A.2. Example Parboiled Voucher Request (from Registrar to MASA)

The following is an example request sent from the Registrar to the MASA. This example is from the Siemens reference Registrar system. Note that the previous voucher request can be seen in the payload as "prior-signed-voucher-request".

<CODE BEGINS> file "parboiled_voucher_request_01.b64"

eyJhbGciOiJFUzI1NiIsIng1YyI6WyJNSUlCb3pDQ0FVcWdBd0lCQWdJR0F\
MGVMdUlGTUFvR0NDcUdTTTQ5QkFNQ01EVXhFekFSQmdOVkJBb01DazE1UW5\
emFXNWxjM014RFRBTEJnTlZCQWNNQkZOcGRHVXhEekFOQmdOVkJBTU1CbFJ\
YzNSRFFUQWVGdzB4T1RBNU1URXdNak0zTXpKYUZ3MHlPVEE1TVRFd01qTTN\
ekphTUZReEV6QVJCZ05WQkFvTUNrMTVRblZ6YVc1bGMzTXhEVEFMQmdOVkJ\
Y01CRk5wZEdVeExqQXNCZ05WQkFNTUpWSmxaMmx6ZEhKaGNpQldiM1ZqYUd\
eUlGSmxjWFZsYzNRZ1UybG5ibWx1WnlCTFpYa3dXVEFUQmdjcWhrak9QUUl\
QmdncWhrak9QUU1CQndOQ0FBVDZ4VnZBdnFUejFaVWl1TldoWHBRc2thUHk\
QUhIUUx3WGlKMGlFTHQ2dU5QYW5BTjBRbldNWU8vMENERWpJa0JRb2J3OFl\
cWp0eEpIVlNHVGo5S09veWN3SlRBVEJnTlZIU1VFRERBS0JnZ3JCZ0VGQlF\
REhEQU9CZ05WSFE4QkFmOEVCQU1DQjRBd0NnWUlLb1pJemowRUF3SURSd0F\
UkFJZ1lyMkxmcW9hQ0tERjRSQWNNbUppK05DWnFkU2l1VnVnSVNBN09oS1J\
M1lDSUR4blBNTW5wWEFNVHJQSnVQV3ljZUVSMTFQeEhPbiswQ3BTSGkycWd\
V1giLCJNSUlCcERDQ0FVbWdBd0lCQWdJR0FXMGVMdUgrTUFvR0NDcUdTTTQ\
QkFNQ01EVXhFekFSQmdOVkJBb01DazE1UW5WemFXNWxjM014RFRBTEJnTlZ\
QWNNQkZOcGRHVXhEekFOQmdOVkJBTU1CbFJsYzNSRFFUQWVGdzB4T1RBNU1\
RXdNak0zTXpKYUZ3MHlPVEE1TVRFd01qTTNNekphTURVeEV6QVJCZ05WQkF\
TUNrMTVRblZ6YVc1bGMzTXhEVEFMQmdOVkJBY01CRk5wZEdVeER6QU5CZ05\
QkFNTUJsUmxjM1JEUVRCWk1CTUdCeXFHU000OUFnRUdDQ3FHU000OUF3RUh\
MElBQk9rdmtUSHU4UWxUM0ZISjFVYUk3K1dzSE9iMFVTM1NBTHRHNXd1S1F\
amlleDA2L1NjWTVQSmlidmdIVEIrRi9RVGpnZWxIR3kxWUtwd2NOTWNzU3l\
alJUQkRNQklHQTFVZEV3RUIvd1FJTUFZQkFmOENBUUV3RGdZRFZSMFBBUUg\
QkFRREFnSUVNQjBHQTFVZERnUVdCQlRvWklNelFkc0Qvai8rZ1gvN2NCSnV\
SC9YbWpBS0JnZ3Foa2pPUFFRREFnTkpBREJHQWlFQXR4UTMrSUxHQlBJdFN\
NGI5V1hoWE51aHFTUDZIK2IvTEMvZlZZRGpRNm9DSVFERzJ1UkNIbFZxM3l\
QjU4VFhNVWJ6SDgrT2xoV1V2T2xSRDNWRXFEZGNRdz09Il19.eyJpZXRmLX\
vdWNoZXItcmVxdWVzdDp2b3VjaGVyIjp7InNlcmlhbC1udW1iZXIiOiIwMT\
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wcmlvci1zaWduZWQtdm91Y2hlci1yZXF1ZXN0IjoiZXlKaGJHY2lPaUFpUl\
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KUjBGWFpXZGtZMU5NVFVGdlIwTkRjVWRUVFRRNVFrRk5RMDFFTUhoRGVrRk\
RbWRPVmtKQldWUkJhMFpTVFZKVmQwVjNXVVJXVVZGTFJFRjRTMkZYTlc1VG\
XeDFXakJPZG1OdVFYaEdla0ZXUW1kT1ZrSkJUVTFFYTNCd1ltMWtTMkZYTl\
1V1IxWjZaRVZPUWsxRFFWaEVWRVUwVFZSSmVFMXFRWHBOYW1jeFRWWnZXVV\
2YXpWUFZHdDRUV3BOZUUxcVRURlBWRlUxVjJwQ1UwMVJjM2REVVZsRVZsRl\
SMFYzU2tKVlZFVldUVUpOUjBFeFZVVkRaM2ROVTIxc2RWb3djSEJpYldSRV\
qTktkMDFTVFhkRlVWbEVWbEZSUmtWM2IzZE5WRWw2VGtSVk1rNTZaelZOVW\
OM1JsRlpSRlpSVVVSRVFUVkxZVmMxYmxOdGJIVmFNRkpzWkcxc2FscFVRbH\
OUWsxSFFubHhSMU5OTkRsQlowVkhRME54UjFOTk5EbEJkMFZJUVRCSlFVSk\
Wa2RIT0ZvMWNHcG1OV3BZYm5seVZYSlllVm94YTFCbmNVSmxNMDVZZFRGa1\
FRkVaU3R5TDNZMlNucEpTR3d6TlRWSloyTklRek5oZUhCcFluRktUUzlpVj\
KaFJYbHFjV05EU21vMGFrcHJiM2REZFdwV1ZFSlVUVU4zUjBOVGMwZEJVVk\
DWjNVMVUwRm5VV1pFUWpGMFdWaE9hRXhZVW14ak0xRjFZekpzYkdKWFZuVm\
lVEZwWkVNMWRWcFlVVFpQVkZFd1RYcEJWRUpuVGxaSVUxVkZSRVJCUzBKbl\
zSkNaMFZHUWxGalJFRnFRVTlDWjA1V1NGRTRRa0ZtT0VWQ1FVMURRalJCZD\
ObldVbExiMXBKZW1vd1JVRjNTVVJUUVVGM1VsRkpaMWQwVUhwSlNWaFpNbW\
0VWxoS2RFVjRTMFZvYUZwa1lUUllLMFZ3YkZwdmJVVkpNbnBCTUdSemFtOU\
TVkZETTBwd1VXMVNXRTFIYmk5d05FSjFPV2w2YVdrNU1tVmpiRlI0TkM5UE\
ISnNiVGROZVV4eGEyaGtRVDA5SWwxOS5leUpwWlhSbUxYWnZkV05vWlhJdG\
tVnhkV1Z6ZERwMmIzVmphR1Z5SWpvZ2V5SmpjbVZoZEdWa0xXOXVJam9nSW\
Jd01qQXRNVEF0TWpKVU1ESTZNemM2TXprdU1EQXdXaUlzSUNKdWIyNWpaU0\
2SUNKbFJITXJLeTlHZFVSSVIxVnVVbmhPTTBVeE5FTlJQVDBpTENBaWMyVn\
hV0ZzTFc1MWJXSmxjaUk2SUNJd01USXpORFUyTnpnNUluMTkuVmo5cHlvND\
LREVxMGU1dG9rd0hwTmhWTTB1VWtMQ2F0d05ReGZzQ0tIOEdSUTJpVFQyZn\
EMzlrNDBNLTdTLXZoZURISHVCSEZTV2I1MDJFUHdrZEEiLCJjcmVhdGVkLW\
uIjoiMjAyMC0xMC0yMlQwMjozNzozOS4yMzVaIn19.S3BRYIKHbsqwQEZsB\
J1COIVAxO2NPEc5oo_BnXK_JkQfStTIeHFCALdv5MzYdTu9myJO1muaSFEI\
_NFMSFjA

<CODE ENDS>

It contains the following three parts:

Header:

<CODE BEGINS> file "parboiled_voucher_request_01-header.b64"

{
  "alg": "ES256",
  "x5c": [
    "MIIBozCCAUqgAwIBAgIGAW0eLuIFMAoGCCqGSM49BAMCMDUxEzARBg\
VBAoMCk15QnVzaW5lc3MxDTALBgNVBAcMBFNpdGUxDzANBgNVBAMMBlRlc3\
DQTAeFw0xOTA5MTEwMjM3MzJaFw0yOTA5MTEwMjM3MzJaMFQxEzARBgNVBA\
MCk15QnVzaW5lc3MxDTALBgNVBAcMBFNpdGUxLjAsBgNVBAMMJVJlZ2lzdH\
hciBWb3VjaGVyIFJlcXVlc3QgU2lnbmluZyBLZXkwWTATBgcqhkjOPQIBBg\
qhkjOPQMBBwNCAAT6xVvAvqTz1ZUiuNWhXpQskaPy7AHHQLwXiJ0iELt6uN\
anAN0QnWMYO/0CDEjIkBQobw8YKqjtxJHVSGTj9KOoycwJTATBgNVHSUEDD\
KBggrBgEFBQcDHDAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCB4AwCgYIKoZIzj0EAwIDRwAwRA\
gYr2LfqoaCKDF4RAcMmJi+NCZqdSiuVugISA7OhKRq3YCIDxnPMMnpXAMTr\
JuPWyceER11PxHOn+0CpSHi2qgpWX",
    "MIIBpDCCAUmgAwIBAgIGAW0eLuH+MAoGCCqGSM49BAMCMDUxEzARBg\
VBAoMCk15QnVzaW5lc3MxDTALBgNVBAcMBFNpdGUxDzANBgNVBAMMBlRlc3\
DQTAeFw0xOTA5MTEwMjM3MzJaFw0yOTA5MTEwMjM3MzJaMDUxEzARBgNVBA\
MCk15QnVzaW5lc3MxDTALBgNVBAcMBFNpdGUxDzANBgNVBAMMBlRlc3RDQT\
ZMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHA0IABOkvkTHu8QlT3FHJ1UaI7+WsHO\
0US3SALtG5wuKQDjiex06/ScY5PJibvgHTB+F/QTjgelHGy1YKpwcNMcsSy\
jRTBDMBIGA1UdEwEB/wQIMAYBAf8CAQEwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgIEMB0GA1\
dDgQWBBToZIMzQdsD/j/+gX/7cBJucH/XmjAKBggqhkjOPQQDAgNJADBGAi\
AtxQ3+ILGBPItSh4b9WXhXNuhqSP6H+b/LC/fVYDjQ6oCIQDG2uRCHlVq3y\
B58TXMUbzH8+OlhWUvOlRD3VEqDdcQw=="
  ]
}
<CODE ENDS>

Payload:

<CODE BEGINS> file "parboiled_voucher_request_01-payload.b64"

{
  "ietf-voucher-request:voucher": {
    "serial-number": "0123456789",
    "nonce": "eDs++/FuDHGUnRxN3E14CQ==",
    "prior-signed-voucher-request": "eyJhbGciOiAiRVMyNTYiLC\
ieDVjIjogWyJNSUlCMmpDQ0FZQ2dBd0lCQWdJR0FXZWdkY1NMTUFvR0NDcU\
TTTQ5QkFNQ01EMHhDekFKQmdOVkJBWVRBa0ZSTVJVd0V3WURWUVFLREF4S2\
XNW5TbWx1WjBOdmNuQXhGekFWQmdOVkJBTU1Ea3BwYm1kS2FXNW5WR1Z6ZE\
OQk1DQVhEVEU0TVRJeE1qQXpNamcxTVZvWUR6azVPVGt4TWpNeE1qTTFPVF\
1V2pCU01Rc3dDUVlEVlFRR0V3SkJVVEVWTUJNR0ExVUVDZ3dNU21sdVowcH\
ibWREYjNKd01STXdFUVlEVlFRRkV3b3dNVEl6TkRVMk56ZzVNUmN3RlFZRF\
RUUREQTVLYVc1blNtbHVaMFJsZG1salpUQlpNQk1HQnlxR1NNNDlBZ0VHQ0\
xR1NNNDlBd0VIQTBJQUJNVkdHOFo1cGpmNWpYbnlyVXJYeVoxa1BncUJlM0\
YdTFkVEFEZStyL3Y2SnpJSGwzNTVJZ2NIQzNheHBpYnFKTS9iV1JhRXlqcW\
DSmo0akprb3dDdWpWVEJUTUN3R0NTc0dBUVFCZ3U1U0FnUWZEQjF0WVhOaE\
YUmxjM1F1YzJsbGJXVnVjeTFpZEM1dVpYUTZPVFEwTXpBVEJnTlZIU1VFRE\
BS0JnZ3JCZ0VGQlFjREFqQU9CZ05WSFE4QkFmOEVCQU1DQjRBd0NnWUlLb1\
JemowRUF3SURTQUF3UlFJZ1d0UHpJSVhZMml4UlhKdEV4S0VoaFpkYTRYK0\
wbFpvbUVJMnpBMGRzam9DSVFDM0pwUW1SWE1Hbi9wNEJ1OWl6aWk5MmVjbF\
4NC9PNHJsbTdNeUxxa2hkQT09Il19.eyJpZXRmLXZvdWNoZXItcmVxdWVzd\
p2b3VjaGVyIjogeyJjcmVhdGVkLW9uIjogIjIwMjAtMTAtMjJUMDI6Mzc6M\
kuMDAwWiIsICJub25jZSI6ICJlRHMrKy9GdURIR1VuUnhOM0UxNENRPT0iL\
Aic2VyaWFsLW51bWJlciI6ICIwMTIzNDU2Nzg5In19.Vj9pyo43KDEq0e5t\
kwHpNhVM0uUkLCatwNQxfsCKH8GRQ2iTT2fqD39k40M-7S-vheDHHuBHFSW\
502EPwkdA",
    "created-on": "2020-10-22T02:37:39.235Z"
  }
}
<CODE ENDS>

Signature:

<CODE BEGINS> file "parboiled_voucher_request_01-signature.b64"

S3BRYIKHbsqwQEZsBgJ1COIVAxO2NPEc5oo_BnXK_JkQfStTIeHFCALdv5M\
YdTu9myJO1muaSFEIu_NFMSFjA
<CODE ENDS>

A.3. Example Voucher Result (from MASA to Pledge, via Registrar)

The following is an example voucher sent from the Registrar to the MASA. This example is from the Siemens reference MASA system.

<CODE BEGINS> file "voucher_01.b64"

eyJhbGciOiJFUzI1NiIsIng1YyI6WyJNSUlCa3pDQ0FUaWdBd0lCQWdJR0F\
RkJqQ2tZTUFvR0NDcUdTTTQ5QkFNQ01EMHhDekFKQmdOVkJBWVRBa0ZSTVJ\
d0V3WURWUVFLREF4S2FXNW5TbWx1WjBOdmNuQXhGekFWQmdOVkJBTU1Ea3B\
Ym1kS2FXNW5WR1Z6ZEVOQk1CNFhEVEU0TURFeU9URXdOVEkwTUZvWERUSTR\
REV5T1RFd05USTBNRm93VHpFTE1Ba0dBMVVFQmhNQ1FWRXhGVEFUQmdOVkJ\
b01ERXBwYm1kS2FXNW5RMjl5Y0RFcE1DY0dBMVVFQXd3Z1NtbHVaMHBwYm1\
RGIzSndJRlp2ZFdOb1pYSWdVMmxuYm1sdVp5QkxaWGt3V1RBVEJnY3Foa2p\
UFFJQkJnZ3Foa2pPUFFNQkJ3TkNBQVNDNmJlTEFtZXExVnc2aVFyUnM4UjB\
Vys0YjFHV3lkbVdzMkdBTUZXd2JpdGYybklYSDNPcUhLVnU4czJSdmlCR05\
dk9LR0JISHRCZGlGRVpadmI3b3hJd0VEQU9CZ05WSFE4QkFmOEVCQU1DQjR\
d0NnWUlLb1pJemowRUF3SURTUUF3UmdJaEFJNFBZYnh0c3NIUDJWSHgvdHp\
b1EvU3N5ZEwzMERRSU5FdGNOOW1DVFhQQWlFQXZJYjNvK0ZPM0JUbmNMRnN\
SlpSQWtkN3pPdXNuLy9aS09hRUtic1ZEaVU9Il19.eyJpZXRmLXZvdWNoZX\
6dm91Y2hlciI6eyJhc3NlcnRpb24iOiJsb2dnZWQiLCJzZXJpYWwtbnVtYm\
yIjoiMDEyMzQ1Njc4OSIsIm5vbmNlIjoiZURzKysvRnVESEdVblJ4TjNFMT\
DUT09IiwiY3JlYXRlZC1vbiI6IjIwMjAtMTAtMjJUMDI6Mzc6MzkuOTIxWi\
sInBpbm5lZC1kb21haW4tY2VydCI6Ik1JSUJwRENDQVVtZ0F3SUJBZ0lHQV\
wZUx1SCtNQW9HQ0NxR1NNNDlCQU1DTURVeEV6QVJCZ05WQkFvTUNrMTVRbl\
6YVc1bGMzTXhEVEFMQmdOVkJBY01CRk5wZEdVeER6QU5CZ05WQkFNTUJsUm\
jM1JEUVRBZUZ3MHhPVEE1TVRFd01qTTNNekphRncweU9UQTVNVEV3TWpNM0\
6SmFNRFV4RXpBUkJnTlZCQW9NQ2sxNVFuVnphVzVsYzNNeERUQUxCZ05WQk\
jTUJGTnBkR1V4RHpBTkJnTlZCQU1NQmxSbGMzUkRRVEJaTUJNR0J5cUdTTT\
5QWdFR0NDcUdTTTQ5QXdFSEEwSUFCT2t2a1RIdThRbFQzRkhKMVVhSTcrV3\
IT2IwVVMzU0FMdEc1d3VLUURqaWV4MDYvU2NZNVBKaWJ2Z0hUQitGL1FUam\
lbEhHeTFZS3B3Y05NY3NTeWFqUlRCRE1CSUdBMVVkRXdFQi93UUlNQVlCQW\
4Q0FRRXdEZ1lEVlIwUEFRSC9CQVFEQWdJRU1CMEdBMVVkRGdRV0JCVG9aSU\
6UWRzRC9qLytnWC83Y0JKdWNIL1htakFLQmdncWhrak9QUVFEQWdOSkFEQk\
BaUVBdHhRMytJTEdCUEl0U2g0YjlXWGhYTnVocVNQNkgrYi9MQy9mVllEal\
2b0NJUURHMnVSQ0hsVnEzeWhCNThUWE1VYnpIOCtPbGhXVXZPbFJEM1ZFcU\
kY1F3PT0ifX0.u1iO_VB6xIhE8QuhKDGgCxkzsnR20IoL0p6qYKpYBDtgkR\
2ykDO_QFjk7W8P5ATW-CQnWlJ3ILSeiwMf9nI0g

<CODE ENDS>

It contains the following three parts:

Header:

<CODE BEGINS> file "voucher_01-header.b64"

{
  "alg": "ES256",
  "x5c": [
    "MIIBkzCCATigAwIBAgIGAWFBjCkYMAoGCCqGSM49BAMCMD0xCzAJBg\
VBAYTAkFRMRUwEwYDVQQKDAxKaW5nSmluZ0NvcnAxFzAVBgNVBAMMDkppbm\
KaW5nVGVzdENBMB4XDTE4MDEyOTEwNTI0MFoXDTI4MDEyOTEwNTI0MFowTz\
LMAkGA1UEBhMCQVExFTATBgNVBAoMDEppbmdKaW5nQ29ycDEpMCcGA1UEAw\
gSmluZ0ppbmdDb3JwIFZvdWNoZXIgU2lnbmluZyBLZXkwWTATBgcqhkjOPQ\
BBggqhkjOPQMBBwNCAASC6beLAmeq1Vw6iQrRs8R0ZW+4b1GWydmWs2GAMF\
wbitf2nIXH3OqHKVu8s2RviBGNivOKGBHHtBdiFEZZvb7oxIwEDAOBgNVHQ\
BAf8EBAMCB4AwCgYIKoZIzj0EAwIDSQAwRgIhAI4PYbxtssHP2VHx/tzUoQ\
SsydL30DQINEtcN9mCTXPAiEAvIb3o+FO3BTncLFsaJZRAkd7zOusn//ZKO\
EKbsVDiU="
  ]
}
<CODE ENDS>

Payload:

<CODE BEGINS> file "voucher_01-payload.b64"

{
  "ietf-voucher:voucher": {
    "assertion": "logged",
    "serial-number": "0123456789",
    "nonce": "eDs++/FuDHGUnRxN3E14CQ==",
    "created-on": "2020-10-22T02:37:39.921Z",
    "pinned-domain-cert": "MIIBpDCCAUmgAwIBAgIGAW0eLuH+MAoG\
CqGSM49BAMCMDUxEzARBgNVBAoMCk15QnVzaW5lc3MxDTALBgNVBAcMBFNp\
GUxDzANBgNVBAMMBlRlc3RDQTAeFw0xOTA5MTEwMjM3MzJaFw0yOTA5MTEw\
jM3MzJaMDUxEzARBgNVBAoMCk15QnVzaW5lc3MxDTALBgNVBAcMBFNpdGUx\
zANBgNVBAMMBlRlc3RDQTBZMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHA0IABOkv\
THu8QlT3FHJ1UaI7+WsHOb0US3SALtG5wuKQDjiex06/ScY5PJibvgHTB+F\
QTjgelHGy1YKpwcNMcsSyajRTBDMBIGA1UdEwEB/wQIMAYBAf8CAQEwDgYD\
R0PAQH/BAQDAgIEMB0GA1UdDgQWBBToZIMzQdsD/j/+gX/7cBJucH/XmjAK\
ggqhkjOPQQDAgNJADBGAiEAtxQ3+ILGBPItSh4b9WXhXNuhqSP6H+b/LC/f\
YDjQ6oCIQDG2uRCHlVq3yhB58TXMUbzH8+OlhWUvOlRD3VEqDdcQw=="
  }
}
<CODE ENDS>

Signature:

<CODE BEGINS> file "voucher_01-signature.b64"

u1iO_VB6xIhE8QuhKDGgCxkzsnR20IoL0p6qYKpYBDtgkRT2ykDO_QFjk7W\
P5ATW-CQnWlJ3ILSeiwMf9nI0g

<CODE ENDS>

Authors' Addresses

Michael Richardson
Sandelman Software Works
Thomas Werner
Siemens