RADIUS Extensions for Dual-Stack Lite
draft-ietf-softwire-dslite-radius-ext-01

Abstract

Dual-Stack Lite is a solution to offer both IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity to customers which are addressed only with an IPv6 prefix. DS-Lite requires to pre-configure the AFTR tunnel information on the B4 element. In many networks, the customer profile information may be stored in AAA servers while client configurations are mainly provided through DHC protocol. This document specifies one new RADIUS attribute to carry Dual-Stack Lite Address Family Transition Router (AFTR) name; the RADIUS attribute is defined based on the equivalent DHCPv6 option already specified in draft-ietf-softwire-ds-lite-tunnel-option. This RADIUS attribute is meant to be used between the RADIUS Server and the NAS, it is not intended to be used directly between the B4 element and the RADIUS Server.

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Table of Contents

1.  Introduction
2.  Terminology
3.  DS-Lite Configuration with RADIUS and DHCPv6
4.  RADIUS Attribute
    4.1.  DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name
5.  Table of attributes
6.  Security Considerations
7.  IANA Considerations
8.  Normative References
§  Authors' Addresses

1.  Introduction

Dual-Stack Lite [I‑D.ietf‑softwire‑dual‑stack‑lite] (Durand, A., Droms, R., Woodyatt, J., and Y. Lee, “Dual-Stack Lite Broadband Deployments Following IPv4 Exhaustion,” August 2010.) is a solution to offer both IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity to customers which are addressed only with an IPv6 prefix (no IPv4 address is assigned to the attachment device). One of its key components is an IPv4-over-IPv6 tunnel, but a DS-Lite Basic Bridging BroadBand (B4) will not know if the network it is attached to offers Dual-Stack Lite support, and if it did, would not know the remote end of the tunnel to establish a connection.

To inform the B4 of the AFTR's location, a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) may be used. Once this information is conveyed, the presence of the configuration indicating the AFTR's location also informs a host to initiate Dual-Stack Lite (DS-Lite) service and become a Softwire Initiator.

The draft draft-ietf-softwire-ds-lite-tunnel-option [I‑D.ietf‑softwire‑ds‑lite‑tunnel‑option] (Hankins, D. and T. Mrugalski, “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) Option for Dual- Stack Lite,” December 2010.) specifies a DHCPv6 option which is meant to be used by a Dual-Stack Lite client (Basic Bridging BroadBand element, B4) to discover its Address Family Transition Router (AFTR) name. In order to be able to populate such option the DHCPv6 Server must be pre-provisioned with the Address Family Transition Router (AFTR) name.

In Broadband environments, customer profile may be managed by AAA servers, together with user Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA). RADIUS protocol [RFC2865] (Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson, “Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS),” June 2000.) is usually used by AAA Servers to communicate with network elements. [I‑D.ietf‑radext‑ipv6‑access] (Lourdelet, B., Dec, W., Sarikaya, B., Zorn, G., and D. Miles, “RADIUS attributes for IPv6 Access Networks,” July 2010.) describes a typical broadband network scenario in which the Network Access Server (NAS) acts as the access gateway for the users (hosts or CPEs) and the NAS embeds a DHCPv6 Server function that allows it to locally handle any DHCPv6 requests issued by the clients.

Since the DS-Lite AFTR information can be stored in AAA servers and the client configuration is mainly provided through DHC protocol running between the NAS and the requesting clients, a new RADIUS attribute is needed to send AFTR information from AAA server to the NAS.

This document aims at defining a new RADIUS attribute to be used for carrying the DS-Lite Tunnel Name, based on the equivalent DHCPv6 option already specified in [I‑D.ietf‑softwire‑ds‑lite‑tunnel‑option] (Hankins, D. and T. Mrugalski, “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) Option for Dual- Stack Lite,” December 2010.)

2.  Terminology

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] (Bradner, S., “Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels,” March 1997.).

The terms DS-Lite Basic Bridging BroadBand element (B4) and the DS-Lite Address Family Transition Router element (AFTR) are defined in [I‑D.ietf‑softwire‑dual‑stack‑lite] (Durand, A., Droms, R., Woodyatt, J., and Y. Lee, “Dual-Stack Lite Broadband Deployments Following IPv4 Exhaustion,” August 2010.)

3.  DS-Lite Configuration with RADIUS and DHCPv6

The Figure 1 (RADIUS and DHCPv6 Message Flow for a PPP Session) illustrates how the RADIUS protocol and DHCPv6 work together to accomplish DS-Lite configuration on the B4 element when a PPP Session is used to provide connectivity to the user.

The Network Access Server (NAS) operates as a client of RADIUS and as DHCP Server for DHC protocol. The NAS initially sends a RADIUS Access Request message to the RADIUS server, requesting authentication. Once the RADIUS server receives the request, it validates the sending client and if the request is approved, the AAA server replies with an Access Accept message including a list of attribute-value pairs that describe the parameters to be used for this session. This list may also contain the AFTR Tunnel Name. When the NAS receives a DHCPv6 client request containing the DS-Lite tunnel Option, the NAS shall use the address returned in the RADIUS DS-Lite-Tunnel-Addr attribute to populate the DHCPv6 OPTION_DS_LITE_ADDR option in the DHCPv6 reply message.

    B4                                NAS                     AAA
    |                                  |                     Server
    |                                  |                        |
    |----PPP LCP Config Request------> |                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |                                  |----Access-Request ---->|
    |                                  |                        |
    |                                  |<---- Access-Accept-----|
    |                                  | (DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name)  |
    |<-----PPP LCP Config ACK  -----   |                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |------ PPP IPv6CP Config Req ---->|                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |<----- PPP IPv6CP Config ACK -----|                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |-------  DHCPv6 Solicit  -------->|                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |<-------DHCPv6 Advertisement -----|                        |
    |   (DHCPv6 OPTION_DS_LITE_NAME)   |                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |-------  DHCPv6 Request  -------->|                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |<-------- DHCPv6 Reply ---------  |                        |
    |   (DHCPv6 OPTION_DS_LITE_NAME)   |                        |

                DHCPv6                         RADIUS

The Figure 2 (RADIUS and DHCPv6 Message Flow for a IP Session) illustrates how the RADIUS protocol and DHCPv6 work together to accomplish DS-Lite configuration on the B4 element when an IP Session is used to provide connectivity to the user.

The only difference between this message flow and previous one is that in this scenario the interaction between NAS and AAA/ RADIUS Server is triggered by the DHCPv6 Solicit message received by the NAS from the B4 acting as DHCPv6 client, while in case of a PPP Session the trigger is the PPP LCP Config Request message received by the NAS.

    B4                                NAS                      AAA
    |                                  |                      Server
    |------ DHCPv6 Solicit --------->  |                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |                                  |----Access-Request ---->|
    |                                  |                        |
    |                                  |<-Access-Accept---------|
    |                                  | (DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name)  |
    |                                  |                        |
    |<-------DHCPv6 Advertisement------|                        |
    |  (DHCPv6 OPTION_DS_LITE_NAME)    |                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |-------  DHCPv6 Request  -------->|                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    |                                  |                        |
    | <---- DHCPv6 Reply ----          |                        |
    |  (DHCPv6 OPTION_DS_LITE_NAME)    |                        |

                DHCPv6                         RADIUS

4.  RADIUS Attribute

This section specifies the format of the new RADIUS attribute.

4.1.  DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name

Description

The DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name RADIUS attribute contains a Fully Qualified Domain Name that refers to the AFTR the client is requested to establish a connection with. The NAS shall use the name returned in the RADIUS DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name attribute to populate the DHCPv6 OPTION_DS_LITE_NAME option [I‑D.ietf‑softwire‑ds‑lite‑tunnel‑option] (Hankins, D. and T. Mrugalski, “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) Option for Dual- Stack Lite,” December 2010.)

This attribute MAY be used in Access-Accept packets and it MAY be present in Accounting-Request records where the Acct-Status-Type is set to Start, Stop or Interim-Update. The DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name RADIUS attribute and MUST NOT appear more than once in a message.

A summary of the DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name RADIUS attribute format is shown below. The fields are transmitted from left to right.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |    Length     |  DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name (FQDN)   |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name (FQDN) (cont)              |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

Type:

TBA1 for DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name.

Length:

This field indicates the total length in octets of this attribute including the Type, the Length fields and the length in octets of the DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name field

DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name:

A single Fully Qualified Domain Name of the remote tunnel endpoint, located at the DS-Lite AFTR.

5.  Table of attributes

The following table provides a guide to which attributes may be found in which kinds of packets, and in what quantity.

The following table defines the meaning of the above table entries.

6.  Security Considerations

This document has no additional security considerations beyond those already identified in [RFC2865] (Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson, “Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS),” June 2000.)

[I‑D.ietf‑softwire‑dual‑stack‑lite] (Durand, A., Droms, R., Woodyatt, J., and Y. Lee, “Dual-Stack Lite Broadband Deployments Following IPv4 Exhaustion,” August 2010.) discusses DS-Lite related security issues.

7.  IANA Considerations

This document requests the allocation of a new Radius attribute types from the IANA registry "Radius Attribute Types" located at http://www.iana.org/assignments/radius-types

DS-Lite-Tunnel-Name - TBA1

8. Normative References

Authors' Addresses