Internet-Draft SCIM Device Schema Extensions August 2024
Shahzad, et al. Expires 14 February 2025 [Page]
Workgroup:
Network Working Group
Internet-Draft:
draft-ietf-scim-device-model-07
Published:
Intended Status:
Standards Track
Expires:
Authors:
M. Shahzad
North Carolina State University
H. Iqbal
North Carolina State University
E. Lear
Cisco Systems

Device Schema Extensions to the SCIM model

Abstract

The initial core schema for SCIM (System for Cross Identity Management) was designed for provisioning users. This memo specifies schema extensions that enables provisioning of devices, using various underlying bootstrapping systems, such as Wifi EasyConnect, FIDO device onboarding vouchers, BLE passcodes, and MAC authenticated bypass.

Status of This Memo

This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

This Internet-Draft will expire on 14 February 2025.

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction

The Internet of Things presents a management challenge in many dimensions. One of them is the ability to onboard and manage large number of devices. There are many models for bootstrapping trust between devices and network deployments. Indeed it is expected that different manufacturers will make use of different methods.

SCIM (System for Cross Identity Management) [RFC7643] [RFC7644] defines a protocol and a schema for provisioning of users. However, it can easily be extended to provision devices. The protocol and core schema were designed to permit just such extensions. Bulk operations are supported. This is good because often devices are procured in bulk.

A primary purpose of this specification is to provision the network for onboarding and communications access to and from devices within a local deployment based on the underlying capabilities of those devices. The underlying security mechanisms of some devices range from non-existent such as the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) "Just Works" pairing method to a robust Fido Device Onboarding (FDO) mechanism. Information from the SCIM server is dispatched to control functions based on selected schema extensions to enable these communications within a network. The SCIM database is therefore essentially equivalent to a AAA database, and should be carefully treated as such.

1.1. Why SCIM for devices?

Some might ask why SCIM is well suited for this purpose and not, for example, NETCONF or RESTCONF with YANG. After all, there are all sorts of existing models available. The answer is that the only information being passed about the device is neither state nor device configuration information, but only information necessary to bootstrap trust so that the device may establish connectivity.

1.2. Protocol Participants

In the normal SCIM model, it was presumed that large federated deployments would be SCIM clients who provision and remove employees and contractors as they are enter and depart those deployments, and federated services such as sales, payment, or conferencing services would be the servers.

In the device model, the roles are reversed, and may be somewhat more varied. A deployment network management system gateway (NMS gateway) plays the role of the server, receiving information about devices that are expected to be connected to its network. That server will apply appropriate local policies regarding whether/how the device should be connected.

The client may be one of a number of entities:

  • A vendor who is authorized to add devices to a network as part of a sales transaction. This is similar to the sales integration sometimes envisioned by Bootstrapping Remote Key Infrastructure (BRSKI) [RFC8995].

  • A client application that administrators or employees use to add, remove, or get information about devices. An example might be an tablet or phone app that scans Easyconnect QR codes.


                            +-----------------------------------+
                            |                                   |
    +-----------+   Request |  +---------+                      |
    | onboarding|------------->|  SCIM   |                      |
    |    app    |<-------------| Server  |                      |
    +-----------+  Ctrl Endpt  +---------+                      |
                            |                                   |
    +-----------+           |  +------------+         +-------+ |
    |  Control  |...........|..|    ALG     |.........|device | |
    |    App    |           |  +------------+         +-------+ |
    +-----------+           |                                   |
                            |                                   |
                            +-----------------------------------+
Figure 1: Basic Architecture

In Figure 1, the onboarding app provides the device particulars. As part of the response, the SCIM server might provide additional information, especially in the case of non-IP devices, where an application-layer gateway may need to be used to communicate with the device. The control endpoint is one among a number of objects that may be returned.

1.3. Schema Description

RFC 7643 does not prescribe a language to describe a schema. We have chosen the JSON schema language [I-D.bhutton-json-schema] for this purpose. The use of XML for this SCIM devices is not supported.

Several additional schemas specify specific onboarding mechanisms, such as BLE and Wifi Easy Connect.

1.4. Schema Representation

Attributes defined in the device core schema and extensions comprise characteristics and SCIM datatypes defined in Sections 2.2 and 2.3 of the [RFC7643]. This specifciation does not define new characteristics and datatypes for the SCIM attributes.

1.5. Terminology

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

2. ResourceType Device

A new resource type 'Device' is specified. The "ResourceType" schema specifies the metadata about a resource type (see section 6 of [RFC7643]). The resource "Devices" comprises a core device schema and several extension schemas. The core schema provides a minimal resource representation, whereas extension schemas extend the core schema depending on the device's capability. The JSON schema for Device resource type is in Section 8.1.

2.1. Common Attributes

The Device schema contains three common attributes as defined in the [RFC7643].

id

An id is a required and unique attribute of the device core schema (see section 3.1 of [RFC7643]).

externalID

An externalID is an optional attribute (see section 3.1 of [RFC7643]).

meta

Meta is a complex attribute and is required (see section 3.1 of [RFC7643]).

3. SCIM Core Device Schema

The core device schema provides the minimal representation of a resource "Device". It contains only those attributes that any device may need, and only one attribute is required. The core schema for "Device" is identified using the schema URI: "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device". The following attributes are defined in the device core schema.

3.1. Singular Attributes

displayName

This attribute is of type "string" and provides a human-readable name for a device. It is intended to be displayed to end-users and should be suitable for that purpose. The attribute is not required, and is not case-sensitive. It may be modified and SHOULD be returned by default. No uniqueness constraints are imposed on this attribute.

active

The "active" attribute is of type "boolean" and is a mutable attribute, and is required. If set to TRUE, it means that this device is intended to be operational. Attempts to control or access a device where this value is set to FALSE may fail. For example, when used in conjunction with NIPC [I-D.brinckman-nipc], commands such as connect, disconnect, subscribe that control app sends to the controller for the devices any command coming from the control app for the device will be rejected by the controller.

mudUrl

The mudUrl attribute represents the URL to the MUD file associated with this device. This attribute is optional and mutable. The mudUrl value is case sensitive and not unique. When present, this attribute may be used as described in [RFC8520]. This attribute is case sensitive and returned by default.

Table 1: Characteristics of device schema attributes. (Req = Required, T = True, F = False, RW = ReadWrite, and Def = Default)
Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique
displayName F F F RW Def None
active F T F RW Def None
mudUrl F F T RW Def None

An example of a device SCIM object is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
{
        "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device"],
        "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
        "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor",
        "active": true,
        "meta": {
          "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
          "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
          "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
          "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f
             -4109-8486-d5c6a3316111"
        }
}

<CODE ENDS>

The schema for the device is presented in JSON format in Section Section 8.2, while the openAPI representation is provided in Section Appendix B.1.

4. Device Groups

Device groups are created using the SCIM groups as defined in [RFC7643] Section 4.2.

5. Resource Type EndpointApp

This section defines a new resource type, 'EndpointApp'. The "ResourceType" schema specifies the metadata about a resource type (see section 6 of [RFC7643]). The resource "EndpointApp" represents client applications that can control and/or receive data from the devices. The JSON schema for EndpointApp resource type is in Section 8.1.

The attributes comprising EndpointsApp are listed in Section 6. The "EndpointApp" are included in the endpoint applications extension ("endpointAppsExt") Section 7.6.

6. SCIM EndpointApp Schema

The EndpointApp schema is used to authorize clients control or telemetry services for clients. The schema identifies the application and how clients are to authenticate to the various services.

The schema for "EndpointApp" is identified using the schema URI: "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp". The following attributes are defined in this schema.

6.1. Common Attributes

The EndpointApp schema contains three common attributes as defined in the [RFC7643].

6.2. Singular Attributes

applicationType

This attribute is of type "string" and represents the type of application. It will only contain two values; 'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'. 'deviceControl' is the application that sends commands to control the device. 'telemetry' is the application that receives data from the device. The attribute is required, and is not case-sensitive. The is attribute readOnly and should be returned by default. No uniqueness constraints are imposed on this attribute.

applicationName

The "applicationName" attribute is of type "string" and represents a human readable name for the application. This attribute is required and mutable. The attribute should be returned by default and there is no uniqueness contraint on the attribute.

clientToken

This attribute type string contains a token that the client will use to authenticate itself. Each token may be a string up to 500 characters in length. It is mutable, required, case sensitive and returned by default if it exists. The SCIM server should expect that client tokens will be shared by the SCIM client with other components within the client's infrastructure.

6.3. Complex Attributes

6.3.1. certificateInfo

It is the complex attribute that contains x509 certificate's subject name and root CA information associated with application clients that will connect for purposes of device control or telemetry.

rootPublicKey

this is the base64 encoding of the public key of a certficate that is used to sign certificates that may used for client application access. This object is not required, singular, case sensitive, and read/write. If not present, a set of trust anchors may be configured out of band.

subjectName

If present, this field contains a dnsName, as specified in Section 4.2.1.6 of [RFC5280]. It is NOT expected that the dnsName will necessarily bind to the incoming IP address of the application client. This attribute is not required, read write, singular and NOT case sensitive. This name may also appear as an subjectAlternateName (SAN) of type dnsName, in which case the subject MUST be ignored. If multiple dnsNames are present, it is left to server implementations to address any authorization conflicts associated with those names.

Table 2: Characteristics of EndpointApp schema attributes. (Req = Required, T = True, F = False, R = ReadOnly, RW = ReadWrite, Manuf = Manufacturer and Def = Default)
Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique
applicationType F T F R Def None
applicationName F T F RW Def None
clientToken F T T R Def None
certificateInfo F F F RW Def None
rootPublicKey F F T RW Def None
subjectName F T T RW Def None

Note that either clientToken and certificateInfo are used for the authentication of the application. If certificateInfo is NOT present when an endpointApp is object created, then the server SHOULD return a clientToken. Otherwise, if the server accepts the certificateInfo object for authentication, it SHOULD NOT return a clientToken. If the server accepts and produces a clientToken, then control and telemetry servers MUST validate both. The SCIM client will know that this is the case based on the SCIM object that is returned.

certificateInfo is preferred in situations where client functions are federated such that different clients may connect for different purposes.

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp"],
  "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316212",
  "applicationType": "deviceControl",
  "applicationName": "Device Control App 1",
  "certificateInfo": {
      "rootPublicKey" : "MIIBIjAN...",
      "subjectName": "wwww.example.com"
  },
  "meta": {
    "resourceType": "EndpointApp",
    "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
    "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
    "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
    "location": "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApp/e9e30dba-f08f
       -4109-8486-d5c6a3316212"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

The schema for the endpointApp is presented in JSON format in Section Section 8.3, while the openAPI representation is provided in Section Appendix B.2.

7. SCIM Device Extensions

SCIM provides various extension schemas, their attributes, JSON representation, and example object. The core schema is extended with a new resource type, as described in Section 8.1. No schemaExtensions list is specified in that definition. Instead, an IANA registry is created, where all values for "required" are set to false. All extensions involving Devices MUST be registered via IANA, as described in Section 10.2. The schemas below demonstrate how this model is to work.

7.1. BLE Extension

This schema extends the device schema to represent the devices supporting BLE. The extension is identified using the following schema URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device

The attributes are as follows:

7.1.1. Singular Attributes

deviceMacAddress

A string value that represent a public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is a unique 48-bit value. Ir is required, case insensitive, and it is mutable and return as default. The regex pattern is the following:

^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}$

isRandom

A boolean flag taken from the BLE core specification, 5.3. If FALSE, the device is using a public MAC address. If TRUE, the device uses a Random address resolved using IRK. This attribute is not required, it is mutable, and returned by default. Its default value is FALSE.

separateBroadcastAddress

When present, this address is used for broadcasts/advertisements. This value MUST NOT be set when an IRK is provided. Its form is the same as deviceMacAddress. It is not required, multivalued, mutable, and returned by default.

irk

A string value, Identity resolving key, which is unique for every device. It is used to resolve the random address. It is required when isRandom is TRUE. It is mutable and never returned.

mobility

A boolean attribute to enable BLE device mobility. If set to True, the device could be expected to move within a network of APs. For example, BLE device is connected with AP-1 and moves out of range but comes in range of AP-2, it will be disconnected with AP-1 and connects with AP-2. It is returned by default and mutable.

7.1.2. Multivalued Attributes

versionSupport

A multivalued attribute that provides all the BLE versions supported by the device in the form of an array. For example, [4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3]. It is required, mutable, and return as default.

pairingMethods

An array of pairing methods associated with the BLE device. The pairing methods may require sub-attributes, such as key/password, for the device pairing process. To enable the scalability of pairing methods in the future, they are represented as extensions to incorporate various attributes that are part of the respective pairing process. Pairing method extensions are nested inside the BLE extension. It is required, case sensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

7.1.3. BLE Pairing Method Extensions

The details on pairing methods and their associated attributes are in section 2.3 of [BLE53]. This memo defines extensions for four pairing methods that are nested insided the BLE extension schema. Each extension contains the common attributes Section 2.1. These extension are are as follows.

(i) pairingNull extension is identified using the following schema URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0:Device

pairingNull does not have any attribute. It allows pairing for BLE devices that do not require a pairing method.

(ii) pairingJustWorks extension is identified using the following schema URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device

Just works pairing method does not require a key to pair devices. For completeness, the key attribute is included and is set to 'null'. Key attribute is required, immutable, and return by default.

(iii) pairingPassKey extension is identified using the following schema URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0:Device

The pass key pairing method requires a 6-digit key to pair devices. This extension has one singular integer attribute, "key", which is required, mutable and returned by default. The key pattern is as follows:

^[0-9]{6}$

(iv) pairingOOB extension is identified using the following schema URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device

The out-of-band pairing method includes three singular attributes, i.e., key, randomNumber, and confirmationNumber.

key The key is string value, required and received from out-of-bond sources such as NFC. It is case sensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

randomNumber It represents a nounce added to the key. It is and integer value that is required attribute. It is mutable and returned by default.

confirmationNumber An integer which some solutions require in RESTful message exchange. It is not required. It is mutable and returned by default if it exists.

Table 3: Characteristics of BLE extension schema attributes. sepBroadcastAdd is short for separateBroadcastAddress. (Req = Required, T = True, F = False, RW = ReadWrite, WO=Write Only, Def = Default, Nev = Never, and Manuf = Manufacturer).
Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique
deviceMacAddress F T F RW Def Manuf
isRandom F T F RW Def None
sepBroadcastAdd T T F RW Def None
irk F F F WO Nev Manuf
versionSupport T T F RW Def None
mobility F F F RW Def None
pairingMethods T T T RW Def None

An example of a device object with BLE extension is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
     "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"],

  "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
  "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor",
  "active": true,
  "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : {
    "versionSupport": ["5.3"],
    "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2",
    "isRandom": false,
    "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77
       :22:12"],
    "mobility": true,
    "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension
       :pairingPassKey:2.0:Device"],
    "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0
       :Device" : {
      "key": 123456
    }
  },
  "meta": {
    "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
    "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
    "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
    "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109
       -8486-d5c6a3316111"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

In the above example, the pairing method is "pairingPassKey", which implies that this BLE device pairs using only a passkey. In another example below, the pairing method is "pairingOOB," implying that this BLE device uses the out-of-band pairing method.

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
     "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"],

  "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
  "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor",
  "active": true,
  "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : {
    "versionSupport": ["5.3"],
    "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2",
    "isRandom": false,
    "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77
       :22:12"],
    "mobility": true,
    "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension
       :pairingOOB:2.0:Device"],
    "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device":
        {
      "key": "TheKeyvalueRetrievedFromOOB",
      "randNumber": 238796813516896
    }
  },
  "meta": {
    "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
    "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
    "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
    "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109
       -8486-d5c6a3316111"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

However, a device can have more than one pairing method. Support for multiple pairing methods is also provided by the multi-valued attribute pairingMethods. In the example below, the BLE device can pair with both passkey and OOB pairing methods.

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
     "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"],

  "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
  "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor",
  "active": true,
  "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : {
    "versionSupport": ["5.3"],
    "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2",
    "isRandom": false,
    "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77
       :22:12"],
    "mobility": true,
    "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension
       :pairingPassKey:2.0:Device",
        "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0
           :Device"],
    "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0
       :Device" : {
      "key": 123456
    },
    "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device":
        {
      "key": "TheKeyvalueRetrievedFromOOB",
      "randNumber": 238796813516896
    }
  },
  "meta": {
    "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
    "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
    "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
    "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109
       -8486-d5c6a3316111"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

The schema for the BLE extension is presented in JSON format in Section Section 8.4, while the openAPI representation is provided in Section Appendix B.3.

7.2. EasyConnect Extension

A schema that extends the device schema to enable WiFi EasyConnect (otherwise known as Device Provisioning Protocol or DPP). The extension is identified using the following schema URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device

The attributes in this extension are adopted from [DPP2]. The attributes are as follows:

7.2.1. Singular Attributes

dppVersion

An integer that represents the version of DPP the device supports. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

bootstrapKey

A string value representing Elliptic-Curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) public key. The base64 encoded lengths for P-256, P-384, and P-521 are 80, 96, and 120 characters. This attribute is required, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

deviceMacAddress

The manufacturer assigns the MAC address stored as string. It is a unique 48-bit value. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The regex pattern is as follows:

^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}$

serialNumber

An alphanumeric serial number, stored as string, may also be passed as bootstrapping information. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

7.2.2. Multivalued Attributes

bootstrappingMethod

It is the array of strings of all the bootstrapping methods available on the enrollee device. For example, [QR, NFC]. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

classChannel

This attribute is an array of strings of global operating class and channel shared as bootstrapping information. It is formatted as class/channel. For example, ['81/1','115/36']. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

+====================+=====+===+======+=========+========+========+
| Attribute          |Multi|Req| Case | Mutable | Return | Unique |
|                    |Value|   | Exact|         |        |        |
+====================+=====+===+======+=========+========+========+
| dppVersion         |  F  | T |  F   |   RW    |  Def   | None   |
+--------------------+-----+---+------+---------+--------+--------+
| bootstrapKey       |  F  | T |  T   |   WO    |  Nev   | None   |
+--------------------+-----+---+------+---------+--------+--------+
| deviceMacAddress   |  F  | F |  F   |   RW    |  Def   | Manuf  |
+--------------------+-----+---+------+---------+--------+--------+
| serialNumber       |  F  | F |  F   |   RW    |  Def   | None   |
+--------------------+-----+---+------+---------+--------+--------+
| bootstrappingMethod|  T  | F |  F   |   RW    |  Def   | None   |
+--------------------+-----+---+------+---------+--------+--------+
| classChannel       |  T  | F |  F   |   RW    |  Def   | None   |
+--------------------+-----+---+------+---------+--------+--------+
Figure 2: Characteristics of DPP extension schema attributes. (Req = Required, T = True, F = False, RW = ReadWrite, WO = Write Only, Def = Default, Nev = Never, and Manuf = Manufacturer).

An example of a device object with DPP extension is below:

<CODE BEGINS>
{
        "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
                 "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0
                    :Device"],

        "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
        "displayName": "WiFi Heart Monitor",
        "active": true,
        "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device" : {
                "dppVersion": 2,
                "bootstrappingMethod": ["QR"],
                "bootstrapKey":
                    "MDkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDIgADURzxmt
                   tZoIRIPWGoQMV00XHWCAQIhXruVWOz0NjlkIA=",
                "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:F2",
                "classChannel": ["81/1", "115/36"],
                "serialNumber": "4774LH2b4044"
        },

        "meta": {
          "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
          "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
          "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
          "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f
             -4109-8486-d5c6a3316111"
        }
}

<CODE ENDS>

The schema for the DPP extension is presented in JSON format in Section Section 8.5, while the openAPI representation is provided in Section Appendix B.4.

7.3. Ethernet MAB Extension

This extension enables a legacy means of (very) weak authentication, known as MAC Authenticated Bypass (MAB), that is supported in many wired ethernet solutions. If the MAC address is known, then the device may be permitted (perhaps limited) access. The extension is identified by the following URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device

7.3.1. Single Attribute

This extension has a singular attribute:

deviceMacAddress

This is the Ethernet address to be provisioned onto the network. It takes the identical form as found in both the BLE and DPP extensions.

Table 4: Characteristics of MAB extension schema attributes (Req = Required, T = True, F = False, RW = ReadWrite, and Def = Default)
Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique
deviceMacAddress F T F RW Def None

An example of a device object with EthernetMAB extension is shown below:

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
     "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0
        :Device"],

  "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
  "displayName": "Some random Ethernet Device",
  "active": true,
  "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device"
     : {
    "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2"
  },

  "meta": {
    "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
    "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
    "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
    "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109
       -8486-d5c6a3316111"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

The schema for the EthernetMAB extension is presented in JSON format in Section Section 8.6, while the openAPI representation is provided in Section Appendix B.5.

7.4. Fido Device Onboarding Extension

This extension specifies a voucher to be used by a Fido Device Onboarding (FDO) owner process [FDO11], so that a trusted introduction can be made using that mechanism.

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0:Device

7.4.1. Single Attribute

This extension has a singular attribute:

fdoVoucher

The voucher is formated as a PEM-encoded object in accordance with the FDO specification (citation needed).

Table 5: Characteristics of FDO extension schema attributes (Req = Required, T = True, F = False, WO = WriteOnly, and Nev = Never)
Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique
fdoVoucher F T F WO Nev None

An example of a device object with FDO extension is shown below:

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Devices",
     "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard
        :2.0:Devices"],

  "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
  "displayName": "Some random Ethernet Device",
  "active": true,
  "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0
     :Devices" : {
     "fdoVoucher": "{... voucher ...}"
  },

  "meta": {
    "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
    "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
    "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
    "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109
       -8486-d5c6a3316111"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

The schema for the FDO extension is presented in JSON format in Section Section 8.7, while the openAPI representation is provided in Section Appendix B.6.

7.5. Zigbee Extension

A schema that extends the device schema to enable the provisioning of Zigbee devices. The extension is identified using the following schema URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device

It has one singular attribute and one multivalued attribute. The attributes are as follows:

7.5.1. Singular Attribute

deviceEui64Address

An EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) device address stored as string. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The regex pattern is as follows:

^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){7}$

7.5.2. Multivalued Attribute

versionSupport

An array of strings of all the Zigbee versions supported by the device. For example, [3.0]. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

Table 6: Characteristics of Zigbee extension schema attributes. (Req = Required, T = True, F = False, RW = ReadWrite, and Def = Default)
Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique
deviceEui64Address F T F RW Def None
versionSupport T T F RW Def None

An example of a device object with Zigbee extension is shown below:

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
     "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device"],

  "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
  "displayName": "Zigbee Heart Monitor",
  "active": true,
  "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device" : {
    "versionSupport": ["3.0"],
    "deviceEui64Address": "50:32:5F:FF:FE:E7:67:28"
  },

  "meta": {
    "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
    "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
    "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
    "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109
       -8486-d5c6a3316111"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

The schema for the Zigbee extension is presented in JSON format in Section Section 8.8, while the openAPI representation is provided in Section Appendix B.7.

7.6. The Endpoint Applications Extension Schema

Sometimes non-IP devices such as those using BLE or Zigbee require an application gateway interface to manage them. SCIM clients MUST NOT specify this to describe native IP-based devices.

endpointAppsExt provides the list application that connect to enterprise gateway. The endpointAppsExt has one multivalued attribute and two singular attributes. The extension is identified using the following schema URI:

urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device

7.6.1. Singular Attributes

deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint

Device control apps use this URL of the enterprise endpoint to reach the enterprise gateway. When the enterprise receives the SCIM object from the onboarding app, it adds this attribute to it and sends it back as a response to the onboarding app. This attribute is required, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The uniqueness is enforced by the enterprise.

telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint

Telemetry apps use this URL of the enterprise endpoint to reach the enterprise gateway. When the enterprise receives the SCIM object from the onboarding app, it adds this attribute to it and sends it back as a response to the onboarding app. This attribute is required, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The uniqueness is enforced by the enterprise.

7.6.2. Multivalued Attribute

applications

This is a complex multivalued attribute. It represents a list of endpoint applications i.e., deviceControl and telemetry. Each entry in the list comprises two attributes including "value" and "$ref".

value

It is the identifier of the endpoint application formated as UUID. It is same as the common attribute "$id" of the resource "endpointApp". It is readOnly, required, case insensitive and returned by default.

$ref

It is the reference to the respective endpointApp resource object stored in the SCIM server. It is readOnly, required, case sensitive and returned by default.

Table 7: Characteristics of EndpointAppsExt extension schema attributes. DevContEntEndpoint represents attribute deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint and telEntEndpoint represents telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint. (Req = Required, T = True, F = False, R = ReadOnly, RW = ReadWrite, Ent = Enterprise, and Def = Default).
Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique
devContEntEndpoint F T T R Def Ent
telEntEndpoint F T T R Def Ent
applications T T F RW Def None
value F T F R Def None
$ref F T F R Def None

An example of a device object with endpointAppsExt extension is below:

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
     "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device",
     "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0
        :Device"],
  "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111",
  "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor",
  "active": true,
  "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : {
    "versionSupport": ["5.3"],
    "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2",
    "isRandom": false,
    "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77
       :22:12"],
    "mobility": false,
    "pairingMethods": [
        "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0
           :Device",
        "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks
           :2.0:Device",
        "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0
           :Device",
        "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0
           :Device"],
    "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0:Device"
       : null,
    "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0
       :Device": {
      "key": null
    },
    "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0
       :Device" : {
      "key": 123456
    },
    "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device":
        {
      "key": "TheKeyvalueRetrievedFromOOB",
      "randNumber": 238796813516896
    }
  },

  "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0
     :Device": {

    "applications": [
      {
        "value" : "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316212",
        "$ref" : "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApp/e9e30dba-f08f
           -4109-8486-d5c6a3316212"
      },
      {
        "value" : "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316333",
        "$ref" : "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApp/e9e30dba-f08f
           -4109-8486-d5c6a3316333"
      }
    ],
      "deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint": "https
         ://enterprise.com/device_control_app_endpoint/",
      "telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint": "https
         ://enterprise.com/telemetry_app_endpoint/"
  },


  "meta": {
    "resourceType": "Device",
      "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z",
    "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z",
    "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"",
    "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109
       -8486-d5c6a3316111"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

The schema for the endpointAppsExt extension along with BLE extension is presented in JSON format in Section Section 8.9, while the openAPI representation is provided in Section Appendix B.8.

8. Schema JSON Representation

8.1. Resource Schema 

<CODE BEGINS>
[
  {
    "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0
       :ResourceType"],
    "id": "Device",
    "name": "Device",
    "endpoint": "/Devices",
    "description": "Device Account",
    "schema": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
    "meta": {
      "location": "https://example.com/v2/ResourceTypes/Device",
      "resourceType": "ResourceType"
    }
  },
  {
    "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0
       :ResourceType"],
    "id": "EndpointApp",
    "name": "EndpointApp",
    "endpoint": "/EndpointApp",
    "description": "Endpoint application such as device control and
        telemetry.",
    "schema": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp",
    "meta": {
      "location": "https
         ://example.com/v2/ResourceTypes/EndpointApp",
      "resourceType": "ResourceType"
    }
  }
]

<CODE ENDS>

8.2. Device Core Schema JSON 

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device",
  "name": "Device",
  "description": "Device account",
  "attributes" : [
    {
      "name": "displayName",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Human readable name of the device, suitable
          for displaying to end-users. For example, 'BLE Heart
          Monitor' etc.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": false,
      "caseExact": false,
      "mutability": "readWrite",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none"
    },
    {
      "name": "active",
      "type": "boolean",
      "description": "A mutable boolean value indicating the device
          administrative status. If set TRUE, the commands (such as
          connect, disconnect, subscribe) that control app sends to
          the controller for the devices will be processeed by the
          controller. If set FALSE, any command comming from the
          control app for the device will be rejected by the
          controller.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": true,
      "caseExact": false,
      "mutability": "readWrite",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none"
    },
    {
      "name": "mudUrl",
      "type": "reference",
      "description": "A URL to MUD file of the device (RFC 8520).",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": false,
      "caseExact": true,
      "mutability": "readWrite",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none"
    }
  ],
  "meta" : {
    "resourceType" : "Schema",
    "location" :
      "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

8.3. EndpointApp Schema JSON 

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp",
  "name": "EndpointApp",
  "description": "Endpoint application and their credentials",
  "attributes" : [
    {
      "name": "applicationType",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "This attribute will only contain two values;
          'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": true,
      "caseExact": false,
      "mutability": "readOnly",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none"
    },
    {
      "name": "applicationName",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Human readable name of the application.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": true,
      "caseExact": false,
      "mutability": "readWrite",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none"
    },
    {
      "name": "certificateInfo",
      "type": "complex",
      "description": "Contains x509 certificate's subject name and
          root CA information associated with the device control or
          telemetry app.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": false,
      "caseExact": false,
      "mutability": "readWrite",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none",
      "subAttributes" : [
        {
          "name" : "rootPublicKey",
          "type" : "string",
          "description" : "The base64 encoding of the public key of
              the CA",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "required" : false,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readWrite",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none"
        },
        {
          "name" : "subjectName",
          "type" : "string",
          "description" : "A Common Name (CN) of the form of CN =
              dnsName",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "required" : true,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readWrite",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "clientToken",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "This attribute contains a token that the
          client will use to authenticate itself.  Each token may
          be a string up to 500 characters in length.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": false,
      "caseExact": true,
      "mutability": "readOnly",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none"
    }
  ],
  "meta" : {
    "resourceType" : "Schema",
    "location" :
      "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

8.4. BLE Extension Schema JSON 

<CODE BEGINS>
[
  {
    "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device",
    "name": "bleExtension",
    "description": "Ble extension for device account",
    "attributes" : [
      {
        "name": "versionSupport",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "Provides a list of all the BLE versions
            supported by the device. For example, [4.1, 4.2, 5.0,
            5.1, 5.2, 5.3].",
        "multivalues": true,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "deviceMacAddress",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "It is the public MAC address assigned by
            the manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex
            pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "Manufacturer"
      },
      {
        "name": "isRandom",
        "type": "boolean",
          "description": "The isRandom flag is taken from the BLE
              core specifications 5.3. If TRUE, device is using
              Random address which is resolved using IRK.  If not
              present, the value is FALSE.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "separateBroadcastAddress",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "When present, this address is used for
            broadcasts/advertisements.  This value MUST NOT be set
            when an IRK is provided.  Its form is the same as
            deviceMa`cAddress.",
        "multivalues": true,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "irk",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "Identity resolving key, which is unique for
            every device. It is used to resolve random address.
            This value MUST NOT be set when
            separateBroadcastAddress is set.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "Manufacturer"
      },
      {
        "name": "mobility",
        "type": "bool",
        "description": "If set to True, the BLE device will
            automatically connect to the closest AP. For example,
            BLE device is connected with AP-1 and moves out of
            range but comes in range of AP-2, it will be
            disconnected with AP-1 and connects with AP-2.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "pairingMethods",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "List of pairing methods associated with the
            ble device, stored as schema URI.",
        "multivalues": true,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": true,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      }
    ],
    "meta" : {
      "resourceType" : "Schema",
      "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
         :extension:ble:2.0:Device"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0
       :Device",
    "name": "nullPairing",
    "description": "Null pairing method for ble. It is included for
        the devices that do not have a pairing method.",
    "meta" : {
      "resourceType" : "Schema",
      "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
         :extension:pairingNull:2.0:Device"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks
       :2.0:Device",
    "name": "pairingJustWorks",
    "description": "Just works pairing method for ble.",
    "attributes" : [
      {
        "name": "key",
        "type": "integer",
        "description": "Just works does not have any key value. For
            completeness, it is added with a key value 'null'.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "immutable",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      }
    ],
    "meta" : {
      "resourceType" : "Schema",
      "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
         :extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey
       :2.0:Device",
    "name": "pairingPassKey",
    "description": "Pass key pairing method for ble.",
    "attributes" : [
      {
        "name": "key",
        "type": "integer",
        "description": "A six digit passkey for ble device. The
            pattern of key is ^[0-9]{6}$.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      }
    ],
    "meta" : {
      "resourceType" : "Schema",
      "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
         :extension:pairingPassKey:2.0:Device"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0
       :Device",
    "name": "pairingOOB",
    "description": "Pass key pairing method for ble.",
    "attributes" : [
      {
        "name": "key",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "A key value retrieved from out of band
            source such as NFC.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": true,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "randomNumber",
        "type": "integer",
        "description": "Nonce added to the key.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "confirmationNumber",
        "type": "integer",
        "description": "Some solutions require confirmation number
            in RESTful message exchange.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      }
    ],
    "meta" : {
      "resourceType" : "Schema",
      "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
         :extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device"
    }
  }
]

<CODE ENDS>

8.5. DPP Extension Schema JSON 

<CODE BEGINS>
{
    "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device",
    "name": "dppExtension",
    "description": "Device extension schema for DPP",
    "attributes" : [
      {
        "name": "dppVersion",
        "type": "integer",
        "description": "Version of DPP this device supports.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "bootstrappingMethod",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "The list of all the bootstrapping methods
            available on the enrollee device. For example, [QR,
            NFC].",
        "multivalues": true,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "bootstrapKey",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "This key is Elliptic-Curve Diffie–Hellman
           (ECDH) public key. The base64 encoded length for P-256,
            P-384, and P-521 is 80, 96, and 120 characters.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": true,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "deviceMacAddress",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "The MAC address assigned by the
            manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex
            pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "Manufacturer"
      },
      {
        "name": "classChannel",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "A list of global operating class and
            channel shared as bootstrapping information. It is
            formatted as class/channel. For example, '81/1',
            '115/36'.",
        "multivalues": true,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      },
      {
        "name": "serialNumber",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "An alphanumeric serial number that may also
            be passed as bootstrapping information.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": false,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "none"
      }

    ],
    "meta" : {
      "resourceType" : "Schema",
      "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
         :extension:dpp:2.0:Device"
    }
  }

<CODE ENDS>

8.6. Ethernet MAB Extension Schema JSON 

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0
     :Device",
  "name": "ethernetMabExtension",
  "description": "Device extension schema for MAC authentication
      Bypass.",
  "attributes" : [
      {
        "name": "deviceMacAddress",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "A MAC address assigned by the manufacturer.
            It is unique 48 bit value. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A
           -Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.",
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "Manufacturer"
      }
  ],
  "meta" : {
    "resourceType" : "Schema",
    "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
       :extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

8.7. FDO Extension Schema JSON 

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard
     :2.0:Devices",
  "name": "FDOExtension",
  "description": "Device extension schema for Fido Device Onboard.",
  "attributes" : [
      {
        "name": "fdoVoucher",
        "type": "string",
        "description": "A Fido Voucher as Defined in the FDO
            specification"
        "multivalues": false,
        "required": true,
        "caseExact": false,
        "mutability": "readWrite",
        "returned": "default",
        "uniqueness": "Manufacturer"
      }
  ],
  "meta" : {
    "resourceType" : "Schema",
    "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
       :extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0:Devices"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

8.8. Zigbee Extension Schema JSON 

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device",
  "name": "zigbeeExtension",
  "description": "Device extension schema for zigbee.",
  "attributes" : [
    {
      "name": "versionSupport",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "Provides a list of all the zigbee versions
          supported by the device. For example, [3.0].",
      "multivalues": true,
      "required": true,
      "caseExact": false,
      "mutability": "readWrite",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none"
    },
    {
      "name": "deviceEui64Address",
      "type": "string",
      "description": "The EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier)
          device address. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{16}$.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": true,
      "caseExact": false,
      "mutability": "readWrite",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none"
    }
  ],
  "meta" : {
    "resourceType" : "Schema",
    "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
       :extension:zigbee:2.0:Device"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

8.9. EndpointAppsExt JSON Extension Schema 

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0
     :Device",
  "name": "endpointAppsExt",
  "description": "Extension for partner endpoint applications that
      can onboard, control, and communicate with the device.",
  "attributes" : [
    {
      "name": "applications",
      "type": "complex",
      "description": "Includes references to two types of
          application that connect with entrprise, i.e.,
          deviceControl and telemetry.",
      "multivalues": true,
      "required": true,
      "caseExact": false,
      "mutability": "readWrite",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "none",
      "subAttributes" : [
        {
          "name" : "value",
          "type" : "string",
          "description" : "The identifier of the endpointApp.",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "required" : true,
          "caseExact" : false,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none"
        },
        {
          "name" : "$ref",
          "type" : "reference",
          "referenceTypes" : "EndpointApps",
          "description" : "The URI of the corresponding
              'EndpointApp' resource which will control or obtain
              data from the device.",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "required" : false,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint",
      "type": "reference",
      "description": "The URL of the enterprise endpoint which
          device control apps use to reach enterprise network
          gateway.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": true,
      "caseExact": true,
      "mutability": "readOnly",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "Enterprise"
    },
    {
      "name": "telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint",
      "type": "reference",
      "description": "The URL of the enterprise endpoint which
          telemetry apps use to reach enterprise network gateway.",
      "multivalues": false,
      "required": true,
      "caseExact": true,
      "mutability": "readOnly",
      "returned": "default",
      "uniqueness": "Enterprise"
    }
  ],
  "meta" : {
    "resourceType" : "Schema",
    "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas
       :extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device"
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

8.10. Representation of Schema

The following is the JSON representation of the Schema. Implementors MUST NOT vary from the schema definitions in their implementations. They may choose not to implement a particular extension, but if they do, they MUST implement all mandatory elements, and they must implement optional elements as specified.

<CODE BEGINS>
{
  "id" : "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Schema",
  "name" : "Schema",
  "description" : "Specifies the schema that describes a SCIM
      schema",
  "attributes" : [
    {
      "name" : "id",
      "type" : "string",
      "multiValued" : false,
      "description" : "The unique URI of the schema. When
          applicable, service providers MUST specify the URI.",
      "required" : true,
      "caseExact" : false,
      "mutability" : "readOnly",
      "returned" : "default",
      "uniqueness" : "none"
    },
    {
      "name" : "name",
      "type" : "string",
      "multiValued" : false,
      "description" : "The schema's human-readable name.  When
          applicable, service providers MUST specify the name,
          e.g., 'Device'.",
      "required" : true,
      "caseExact" : false,
      "mutability" : "readOnly",
      "returned" : "default",
      "uniqueness" : "none"
    },
    {
      "name" : "description",
      "type" : "string",
      "multiValued" : false,
      "description" : "Human-readable description of the schema,
          e.g., 'Device account'.",
      "required" : false,
      "caseExact" : false,
      "mutability" : "readOnly",
      "returned" : "default",
      "uniqueness" : "none"
    },
    {
      "name" : "attributes",
      "type" : "complex",
      "multiValued" : true,
      "description" : "A complex attribute that includes the
          attributes of a schema.",
      "required" : true,
      "mutability" : "readOnly",
      "returned" : "default",
      "subAttributes" : [
        {
          "name" : "name",
          "type" : "string",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "The attribute's name, e.g.,
              'displayName'.",
          "required" : true,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none"
        },
        {
          "name" : "type",
          "type" : "string",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "The attribute's data type. Valid values
              include 'string', 'complex', 'boolean', 'decimal',
              'integer', 'dateTime', 'reference'.",
          "required" : true,
          "caseExact" : false,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none",
          "canonicalValues" : [
            "string",
            "complex",
            "boolean",
            "decimal",
            "integer",
            "dateTime",
            "reference"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name" : "multiValued",
          "type" : "boolean",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "A Boolean value indicating an
              attribute's plurality.",
          "required" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default"
        },
        {
          "name" : "description",
          "type" : "string",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "A human-readable description of the
              attribute.",
          "required" : true,
          "caseExact" : false,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none"
        },
        {
          "name" : "required",
          "type" : "boolean",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "A boolean value indicating whether or
            not the attribute is required.",
          "required" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default"
        },
        {
          "name" : "canonicalValues",
          "type" : "string",
          "multiValued" : true,
          "description" : "A collection of canonical values.  When
              applicable, service providers MUST specify the
              canonical types, e.g., mutability of an attribute,
              return type, uniqueness.",
          "required" : false,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none"
        },
        {
          "name" : "caseExact",
          "type" : "boolean",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "A Boolean value indicating whether or
              not a string attribute is case sensitive.",
          "required" : false,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default"
        },
         {
          "name" : "mutability",
          "type" : "string",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "Indicates whether or not an attribute is
              modifiable.",
          "required" : false,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none",
          "canonicalValues" : [
            "readOnly",
            "readWrite",
            "immutable",
            "writeOnly"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name" : "returned",
          "type" : "string",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "Indicates when an attribute is returned
              in a response (e.g., to a query).",
          "required" : false,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none",
          "canonicalValues" : [
            "always",
            "never",
            "default",
            "request"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name" : "uniqueness",
          "type" : "string",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "Indicates how unique a value must be.",
          "required" : false,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none",
          "canonicalValues" : [
            "none",
            "Enterprise",
            "Manufacturer"
          ]
        },
        {
          "name" : "referenceTypes",
          "type" : "string",
          "multiValued" : false,
          "description" : "Used only with an attribute of type
              'reference'.  Specifies a SCIM resourceType that a
              reference attribute MAY refer to, e.g.,
              'EndpointApp'.",
          "required" : false,
          "caseExact" : true,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "uniqueness" : "none"
        },
        {
          "name" : "subAttributes",
          "type" : "complex",
          "multiValued" : true,
          "description" : "Used to define the sub-attributes of a
              complex attribute.",
          "required" : false,
          "mutability" : "readOnly",
          "returned" : "default",
          "subAttributes" : [
            {
              "name" : "name",
              "type" : "string",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "The attribute's name.",
              "required" : true,
              "caseExact" : true,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default",
              "uniqueness" : "none"
            },
            {
              "name" : "type",
              "type" : "string",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "The attribute's data type. Valid
                  values include 'string', 'complex', 'boolean',
                  'decimal', 'integer', 'dateTime', 'reference'.",
              "required" : true,
              "caseExact" : false,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default",
              "uniqueness" : "none",
              "canonicalValues" : [
                "string",
                "complex",
                "boolean",
                "decimal",
                "integer",
                "dateTime",
                "reference"
              ]
            },
            {
              "name" : "multiValued",
              "type" : "boolean",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "A Boolean value indicating an
                  attribute's plurality.",
              "required" : true,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default"
            },
            {
              "name" : "description",
              "type" : "string",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "A human-readable description of the
                  attribute.",
              "required" : true,
              "caseExact" : false,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default",
              "uniqueness" : "none"
            },
            {
              "name" : "required",
              "type" : "boolean",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "A boolean value indicating whether
                  or not the attribute is required.",
              "required" : true,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default"
            },
            {
              "name" : "canonicalValues",
              "type" : "string",
              "multiValued" : true,
              "description" : "A collection of canonical values.
                  When applicable, service providers MUST specify
                  the canonical types, e.g., mutability of an
                  attribute, return type, uniqueness.",
              "required" : false,
              "caseExact" : true,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default",
              "uniqueness" : "none"
            },
            {
              "name" : "caseExact",
              "type" : "boolean",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "A Boolean value indicating whether
                  or not a string attribute is case sensitive.",
              "required" : false,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default"
            },
            {
              "name" : "mutability",
              "type" : "string",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "Indicates whether or not an
                  attribute is modifiable.",
              "required" : false,
              "caseExact" : true,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default",
              "uniqueness" : "none",
              "canonicalValues" : [
                "readOnly",
                "readWrite",
                "immutable",
                "writeOnly"
              ]
            },
            {
              "name" : "returned",
              "type" : "string",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "Indicates when an attribute is
                  returned in a response (e.g., to a query).",
              "required" : false,
              "caseExact" : true,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default",
              "uniqueness" : "none",
              "canonicalValues" : [
                "always",
                "never",
                "default",
                "request"
              ]
            },
            {
              "name" : "uniqueness",
              "type" : "string",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "Indicates how unique a value must
                  be.",
              "required" : false,
              "caseExact" : true,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default",
              "uniqueness" : "none",
              "canonicalValues" : [
                "none",
                "Enterprise",
                "Manufacturer"
              ]
            },
            {
              "name" : "referenceTypes",
              "type" : "string",
              "multiValued" : false,
              "description" : "Used only with an attribute of type
                  'reference'.  Specifies a SCIM resourceType that
                  a reference attribute MAY refer to, e.g.,
                  'EndpointApp'.",
              "required" : false,
              "caseExact" : true,
              "mutability" : "readOnly",
              "returned" : "default",
              "uniqueness" : "none"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

<CODE ENDS>

9. Security Considerations

Because provisioning operations are sensitive, each client must be appropriately authenticated. Certain objects may be read-only or not visible based on who is connected.

9.1. SCIM operations

An attacker that has authenticated to a trusted SCIM client could manipulate portions of the SCIM database. To be clear on the risks, we discuss each operation below:

9.1.1. Object Creation

Object creation in this framework grants a device access to the infrastructure and will to a greater or lesser extent grant the infrastructure access to the device. When IP-layer access is provisioned, then the access will be at the IP layer. For non-IP layer access, such as provisioning of BLE devices, the access may be to the entire device. The explicit grant is made when the credentials of the device are shared with the SCIM server.

9.2. Object Deletion

Once granted, even if the object is removed, the server may or may not act on that removal. The deletion of the object is a signal of intent by the application that it no longer expects the device to be on the network. It is strictly up to the SCIM server and its back end policy to decide whether or not to revoke access to the infrastructure. Any access grant by the device must be separately handled.

9.3. Read operations

Read operations are necessary in order for an application to sync its state to know what devices it is expected to manage. An attacker with access to SCIM objects may gain access to the devices themselves. To prevent one SCIM client from interfering with devices that it has no business managing, only clients that have created objects or those they authorize SHOULD have the ability to read those objects.

9.4. Update Operations

Update operations may be necessary if a device has been modified in some way. Attackers with update access may be able to disable network access to devices or device access to networks. To avoid this, the same access control policy for read operations is RECOMMENDED here.

9.5. Higher level protection for certain systems

Devices provisioned with this model may be completely controlled by the administrator of the SCIM server, depending on how those systems are defined. For instance, if BLE passkeys are provided, the device can be connected to, and perhaps paired with. Any additional security must be provided at higher application layers. For example, if client applications wish to keep private information to and from the device, they should encrypt that information over-the-top.

9.6. Logging

An attacker could learn what devices are on a network by examining SCIM logs. Due to the sensitive nature of SCIM operations, logs SHOILD be encrypted both on the disk and in transit.

10. IANA Considerations

10.1. New Schemas

The IANA is requested to add the following additions to the "SCIM Schema URIs for Data Resources" registry as follows:

Table 8
URN Name Reference
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core: 2.0:Device Core Device Schema This memo, Section 3
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core: 2.0:EndpointApp Endpoint Application This memo, Section 6

Note that the line break in URNs should be removed, as should this comment.

10.2. Device Schema Extensions

IANA is requested to create a separate table for Device Schema Extensions, as described in Section 7, with the following columns:

  • schemaExtensionURI

  • Short Description

  • Reference

The policy for entries into this table shall be both "Expert Review" and "Specification Required", as specified in [RFC8126]. Reviewers shall check that each schema is produced in the format described in [RFC7643], and that the semantics of the schema are clear and unambiguous. It is also RECOMMENDED that schemas be made available in OpenAPI.

The initial table entries shall be as follows:

Table 9
URN Description Reference
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: ble:2.0:Device BLE Extension This memo, Section 7.1
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: ethernet-mab:2.0:Device Ethernet MAB This memo, Section 7.3
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: fido-device-onboard:2.0:Device Fido Device Onboard This memo, Section 7.4
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: dpp:2.0:Device Wifi EasyConnect This memo, Section 7.2
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device Application Endpoint Extension This memo, Section 7.1.3
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device Just Works Auth BLE This memo, Section 7.1.3
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: pairingOOB:2.0:Device Out of Band Pairing for BLE This memo, Section 7.1.3
urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: pairingPassKey:2.0:Device Passkey Pairing for BLE This memo, Section 7.1.3

11. References

11.1. Normative References

[BLE53]
Bluetooth SIG, "Bluetooth Core Specification, Version 5.3", .
[DPP2]
Wi-Fi Alliance, "Wi-Fi Easy Connect Specification, Version 2.0", .
[FDO11]
FIDO Alliance, "FIDO Device Onboading Specification 1.1", .
[I-D.bhutton-json-schema]
Wright, A., Andrews, H., Hutton, B., and G. Dennis, "JSON Schema: A Media Type for Describing JSON Documents", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-bhutton-json-schema-01, , <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-bhutton-json-schema-01>.
[RFC2119]
Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.
[RFC5280]
Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S., Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, DOI 10.17487/RFC5280, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5280>.
[RFC7643]
Hunt, P., Ed., Grizzle, K., Wahlstroem, E., and C. Mortimore, "System for Cross-domain Identity Management: Core Schema", RFC 7643, DOI 10.17487/RFC7643, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7643>.
[RFC7644]
Hunt, P., Ed., Grizzle, K., Ansari, M., Wahlstroem, E., and C. Mortimore, "System for Cross-domain Identity Management: Protocol", RFC 7644, DOI 10.17487/RFC7644, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7644>.
[RFC8126]
Cotton, M., Leiba, B., and T. Narten, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 8126, DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8126>.
[RFC8174]
Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>.
[RFC8520]
Lear, E., Droms, R., and D. Romascanu, "Manufacturer Usage Description Specification", RFC 8520, DOI 10.17487/RFC8520, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8520>.

11.2. Informative References

[I-D.brinckman-nipc]
Brinckman, B., Mohan, R., and B. Sanford, "An Application Layer Interface for Non-IP device control (NIPC)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-brinckman-nipc-01, , <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-brinckman-nipc-01>.
[RFC8995]
Pritikin, M., Richardson, M., Eckert, T., Behringer, M., and K. Watsen, "Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructure (BRSKI)", RFC 8995, DOI 10.17487/RFC8995, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8995>.

Appendix A. Changes from Earlier Versions

Draft -03: * Add MAB, FDO * Some grammar improvements * fold OpenAPI * IANA considerations

Draft -02: * Clean up examples * Move openapi to appendix Draft -01:

Draft -00:

Appendix B. OpenAPI representation

The following sections are provided for informational purposes.

B.1. Device Core Schema OpenAPI Representation

OpenAPI representation of device core schema is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
components:
  schemas:
    Device:
      title: Device
      description: Device account
      type: object
      properties:
        displayName:
          type: string
          description: "Human readable name of the device, suitable
                        for displaying to end-users. For example,
                       'BLE Heart Monitor' etc."
          nullable: true
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        active:
          type: boolean
          description: A mutable boolean value indicating the device
                       administrative status. If set TRUE, the
                       commands (such as connect, disconnect,
                       subscribe) that control app sends to the
                       controller for the devices will be processeed
                       by the controller.  If set FALSE, any command
                       comming from the control app for the device
                       will be rejected by the controller.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        mudUrl:
          type: string
          format: uri
          description: A URL to MUD file of the device (RFC 8520).
              It
                       is added for future use. Current usage is not
                       defined yet.
          nullable: true
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
      required:
        - active
      additionalProperties: false
      allOf:
        - $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonAttributes'
    CommonAttributes:
      type: object
      properties:
        schemas:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
            enum:
              - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device
          description: The list of schemas that define the resource.
          nullable: false
        id:
          type: string
          format: uri
          description: The unique identifier for a resource.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: true
          writeOnly: false
        externalId:
          type: string
          description: An identifier for the resource that is
              defined
                       by the provisioning client.
          nullable: true
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        meta:
          type: object
          readOnly: true
          properties:
            resourceType:
              type: string
              description: The name of the resource type of the
                           resource.
              nullable: false
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
            location:
              type: string
              format: uri
              description: The URI of the resource being returned.
              nullable: false
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
            created:
              type: string
              format: date-time
              description: The date and time the resource was added
                           to the service provider.
              nullable: false
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
            lastModified:
              type: string
              format: date-time
              description: The most recent date and time that the
                           details of this resource were updated at
                           the service provider.
              nullable: false
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
            version:
              type: string
              description: The version of the resource.
              nullable: true
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
          additionalProperties: false

<CODE ENDS>

B.2. EndpointApp Schema OpenAPI Representation

OpenAPI representation of endpointApp schema is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
components:
  schemas:
    EndpointApp:
      title: EndpointApp
      description: Endpoint application resource
      type: object
      properties:
        applicationType:
          type: string
          description: "This attribute will only contain two values;
                       'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'."
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false

        applicationName:
          type: string
          description: Human readable name of the application.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false

      required:
        - applicationType
        - applicationName

      additionalProperties: true
      oneOf:
        - $ref: '#/components/schemas/clientToken'
        - $ref: '#/components/schemas/certificateInfo'

      allOf:
        - $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonAttributes'

    clientToken:
      type: string
      description: "This attribute contains a token that the client
                    will use to authenticate itself. Each token may
                    be a string up to 500 characters in length."
      nullable: true
      readOnly: true
      writeOnly: false

    certificateInfo:
      type: object
      description: "Contains x509 certificate's subject name and
                    root CA information associated with the device
                    control or telemetry app."
      properties:
        rootPublicKey:
          type: string
          description: "The base64 encoding of the root public key."
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false

        subjectName:
          type: string
          description: "Also known as the Common Name (CN), the
                        Subject Name is a field in the X.509
                        certificate that identifies the primary
                        domain or IP address for which the
                        certificate is issued."
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false

      required:
      - subjectName

    CommonAttributes:
      type: object
      properties:
        schemas:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
            enum:
              - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp
          description: The list of schemas that define the resource.
          nullable: false
        id:
          type: string
          format: uri
          description: The unique identifier for a resource.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: true
          writeOnly: false
        meta:
          type: object
          readOnly: true
          properties:
            resourceType:
              type: string
              description: The name of the resource type of the
                           resource.
              nullable: false
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
            location:
              type: string
              format: uri
              description: The URI of the resource being returned.
              nullable: false
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
            created:
              type: string
              format: date-time
              description: The date and time the resource was added
                           to the service provider.
              nullable: false
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
            lastModified:
              type: string
              format: date-time
              description: The most recent date and time that the
                           details of this resource were updated at
                           the service provider.
              nullable: false
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
            version:
              type: string
              description: The version of the resource.
              nullable: true
              readOnly: true
              writeOnly: false
          additionalProperties: false

<CODE ENDS>

B.3. BLE Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation

OpenAPI representation of BLE extension schema is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
components:
  schemas:
    BleDevice:
      type: object
      description: BLE Device schema.
      properties:
        schemas:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
            enum:
              - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0
                 :Device
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/BleDeviceExtension'
          required: true
    BleDeviceExtension:
      type: object
      properties:
        versionSupport:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
          description: Provides a list of all the BLE versions
                       supported by the device. For example,
                       [4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3].
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false

        deviceMacAddress:
          type: string
          description: It is the public MAC address assigned by the
                       manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The
                       regex pattern is
                       ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false

        isRandom:
          type: boolean
          description: AddressType flag is taken from the BLE core
                       specifications 5.3. If FALSE, the device is
                       using public MAC address. If TRUE, device is
                       using Random address which is resolved using
                       the IRK.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false

        separateBroadcastAddress:
          type: string
          description: "When present, this address is used for
                        broadcasts/advertisements.  This value MUST
                            NOT
                        be set when an IRK is provided.  Its form is
                        the same as deviceMa`cAddress."
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false

        irk:
          type: string
          description: Identity resolving key, which is unique for
                       every device. It is used to resolve random
                       address.
          nullable: true
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: true
        mobility:
          type: boolean
          description: If set to True, the BLE device will
                       automatically connect to the closest AP. For
                       example, BLE device is connected with AP-1
                           and
                       moves out of range but comes in range of AP
                          -2,
                       it will be disconnected with AP-1 and
                           connects
                       with AP-2.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        pairingMethods:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
          description: List of pairing methods associated with the
                       ble device, stored as schema URI.
          nullable: true
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0
           :Device:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/NullPairing'
          required: false
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0
           :Device:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingJustWorks'
          required: false
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0
           :Device:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingPassKey'
          required: false
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0
           :Device:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingOOB'
          required: false
      required:
        - versionSupport
        - deviceMacAddress
        - AddressType
        - pairingMethods
      additionalProperties: false

    NullPairing:
      type: object

    PairingJustWorks:
      type: object
      description: Just works pairing method for ble
      properties:
        key:
          type: integer
          description: Just works does not have any key value. For
                       completeness, it is added with a key value
                       'null'.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
      required:
        - key

    PairingPassKey:
      type: object
      description: Pass key pairing method for ble
      properties:
        key:
          type: integer
          description: A six digit passkey for ble device.
                       The pattern of key is ^[0-9]{6}$.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: true
      required:
        - key

    PairingOOB:
      type: object
      description: Out-of-band pairing method for BLE
      properties:
        key:
          type: string
          description: The OOB key value for ble device.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        randomNumber:
          type: integer
          description: Nonce added to the key
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: true
        confirmationNumber:
          type: integer
          description: Some solutions require a confirmation number
                       in the RESTful message exchange.
          nullable: true
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: true
      required:
        - key
        - randomNumber

<CODE ENDS>

B.4. DPP Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation

OpenAPI representation of DPP extension schema is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
components:
  schemas:
    DppDevice:
      type: object
      description: DPP device extension schema
      properties:
        schemas:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
            enum:
              - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0
                 :Device
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/DppDeviceExtension'
          required: true
    DppDeviceExtension:
      type: object
      properties:
        dppVersion:
          type: integer
          description: Version of DPP this device supports.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        bootstrappingMethod:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
          description: The list of all the bootstrapping methods
                       available on the enrollee device. For
                       example, [QR, NFC].
          nullable: true
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        bootstrapKey:
          type: string
          description: This key is Elliptic-Curve Diffie–Hellman
                       (ECDH) public key. The base64 encoded length
                       for P-256, P-384, and P-521 is 80, 96, and
                           120
                       characters.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: true
        deviceMacAddress:
          type: string
          description: The MAC address assigned by the manufacturer.
                       The regex pattern is
                       ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        classChannel:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
          description: A list of global operating class and channel
                       shared as bootstrapping information. It is
                       formatted as class/channel. For example,
                       '81/1', '115/36'.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        serialNumber:
          type: string
          description: An alphanumeric serial number that may also
              be
                       passed as bootstrapping information.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
      required:
        - dppVersion
        - bootstrapKey
      additionalProperties: false

<CODE ENDS>

B.5. Ethernet MAB Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation

OpenAPI representation of Ethernet MAB extension schema is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
components:
  schemas:
    EthernetMABDevice:
      type: object
      description: Ethernet MAC Authenticated Bypass
      properties:
        schemas:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
            enum:
              - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab
                 :2.0:Device
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0
           :Device:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/EthernetMABDeviceExtension'
          required: true
    EthernetMABDeviceExtension:
      type: object
      properties:
        deviceMacAddress:
          type: string
          description: It is the public MAC address assigned by the
                       manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The
                       regex pattern is
                       ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
      required:
        - deviceMacAddress
      description: Device extension schema for Ethernet-MAB

<CODE ENDS>

B.6. FDO Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation

OpenAPI representation of FDO extension schema is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
components:
  schemas:
    FDODevice:
      type: object
      description: Fido Device Onboarding Voucher Extension
      properties:
        schemas:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
            enum:
              - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab
                 :2.0:Devices
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0
           :Devices:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/FDODeviceExtension'
          required: true
    FDODeviceExtension:
      type: object
      properties:
        fdoVoucher:
          type: string
          description: A Fido Device Onboarding Voucher
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
      required:
        - fdoVoucher
      description: Device Extension for a Fido Device Onboarding
          Voucher

<CODE ENDS>

B.7. Zigbee Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation

OpenAPI representation of zigbee extension schema is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
components:
  schemas:
    ZigbeeDevice:
      type: object
      description: Zigbee Device schema.
      properties:
        schemas:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
            enum:
              - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0
                 :Device
        urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/ZigbeeDeviceExtension'
          required: true
    ZigbeeDeviceExtension:
      type: object
      properties:
        versionSupport:
          type: array
          items:
            type: string
          description: Provides a list of all the Zigbee versions
                       supported by the device. For example, [3.0].
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
        deviceEui64Address:
          type: string
          description: The EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier)
              device
                       address. The regex pattern is
                       ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{16}$.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: false
          writeOnly: false
      required:
        - versionSupport
        - deviceEui64Address
      description: Device extension schema for Zigbee.

<CODE ENDS>

B.8. EndpointAppsExt Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation

OpenAPI representation of endpoint Apps extension schema is as follows:

<CODE BEGINS>
components:
  schemas:
    EndpointAppsExt:
      type: object
      properties:
        applications:
          $ref: '#/components/schemas/applications'

        deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint:
          type: string
          format: url
          description: The URL of the enterprise endpoint which
              device
                       control apps use to reach enterprise network
                       gateway.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: true
          writeOnly: false

        telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint:
          type: string
          format: url
          description: The URL of the enterprise endpoint which
                       telemetry apps use to reach enterprise
                           network
                       gateway.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: true
          writeOnly: false

      required:
        - applications
        - deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint
        - telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint

    applications:
      type: array
      items:
        value:
          type: string
          description: The identifier of the endpointApp.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: true
          writeOnly: false
        ref:
          type: string
          format: uri
          description: The URI of the corresponding 'EndpointApp'
                      resource which will control or obtain data
                          from
                      the device.
          nullable: false
          readOnly: true
          writeOnly: false
      required:
        - value
        - ref



<CODE ENDS>

Authors' Addresses

Muhammad Shahzad
North Carolina State University
Department of Computer Science
890 Oval Drive
Campus Box 8206
Raleigh, NC, 27695-8206
United States of America
Hassan Iqbal
North Carolina State University
Department of Computer Science
890 Oval Drive
Campus Box 8206
Raleigh, NC, 27695-8206
United States of America
Eliot Lear
Cisco Systems
Richtistrasse 7
CH-8304 Wallisellen
Switzerland
Phone: +41 44 878 9200