| Internet-Draft | HSS and XMSS for X.509 | July 2024 |
| Bashiri, et al. | Expires 9 January 2025 | [Page] |
This document specifies algorithm identifiers and ASN.1 encoding formats for the Stateful Hash-Based Signature Schemes (S-HBS) Hierarchical Signature System (HSS), eXtended Merkle Signature Scheme (XMSS), and XMSS^MT, a multi-tree variant of XMSS. This specification applies to the Internet X.509 Public Key infrastructure (PKI) when those digital signatures are used in Internet X.509 certificates and certificate revocation lists.¶
This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.¶
Status information for this document may be found at https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-lamps-x509-shbs/.¶
Discussion of this document takes place on the LAMPS Working Group mailing list (mailto:spasm@ietf.org), which is archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/spasm/. Subscribe at https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/spasm/.¶
Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at https://github.com/x509-hbs/draft-x509-shbs.¶
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Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.¶
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.¶
Stateful Hash-Based Signature Schemes (S-HBS) such as HSS, XMSS and XMSS^MT combine Merkle trees with One Time Signatures (OTS) in order to provide digital signature schemes that remain secure even when quantum computers become available. Their theoretic security is well understood and depends only on the security of the underlying hash function. As such they can serve as an important building block for quantum computer resistant information and communication technology.¶
The private key of S-HBS is a finite collection of OTS keys, hence only a limited number of messages can be signed and the private key's state must be updated and persisted after signing to prevent reuse of OTS keys. While the right selection of algorithm parameters would allow a private key to sign a virtually unbounded number of messages (e.g. 2^60), this is at the cost of a larger signature size and longer signing time. Due to the statefulness of the private key and the limited number of signatures that can be created, S-HBS might not be appropriate for use in interactive protocols. However, in some use cases the deployment of S-HBS may be appropriate. Such use cases are described and discussed later in Section 3.¶
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.¶
As many cryptographic algorithms that are considered to be quantum-resistant, S-HBS have several pros and cons regarding their practical usage. On the positive side they are considered to be secure against a classical as well as a quantum adversary, and a secure instantiation of S-HBS may always be built as long as a cryptographically secure hash function exists. Moreover, S-HBS offer small public key sizes, and, in comparison to other post-quantum signature schemes, the S-HBS can offer relatively small signature sizes (for certain parameter sets). While key generation and signature generation may take longer than classical alternatives, fast and minimal verification routines can be built. The major negative aspect is the statefulness. Private keys always have to be handled in a secure manner, S-HBS necessitate a special treatment of the private key in order to avoid security incidents like signature forgery [MCGREW], [SP800208]. Therefore, for S-HBS, a secure environment MUST be used for key generation and key management.¶
Note that, in general, root CAs offer such a secure environment and the number of issued signatures (including signed certificates and CRLs) is often moderate due to the fact that many root CAs delegate OCSP services or the signing of end-entity certificates to other entities (such as subordinate CAs) that use stateless signature schemes. Therefore, many root CAs should be able to handle the required state management, and S-HBS offer a viable solution.¶
As the above reasoning for root CAs usually does not apply for subordinate CAs, it is NOT RECOMMENDED for subordinate CAs to use S-HBS for issuing end-entity certificates. Moreover, S-HBS MUST NOT be used for end-entity certificates.¶
However, S-HBS MAY be used for code signing certificates, since they are suitable and recommended in such non-interactive contexts. For example, see the recommendations for software and firmware signing in [CNSA2.0]. Some manufactures use common and well-established key formats like X.509 for their code signing and update mechanisms. Also there are multi-party IoT ecosystems where publicly trusted code signing certificates are useful.¶
In this document, we define new OIDs for identifying the different stateful hash-based signature algorithms. An additional OID is defined in [I-D.draft-ietf-lamps-rfc8708bis] and repeated here for convenience. For all of the OIDs, the parameters MUST be absent.¶
The object identifier and public key algorithm identifier for HSS is defined in [I-D.draft-ietf-lamps-rfc8708bis]. The definitions are repeated here for reference.¶
The object identifier for an HSS public key is id-alg-hss-lms-hashsig:¶
id-alg-hss-lms-hashsig OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {
iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs9(9)
smime(16) alg(3) 17 }
¶
Note that the id-alg-hss-lms-hashsig algorithm identifier is also referred to
as id-alg-mts-hashsig. This synonym is based on the terminology used in an
early draft of the document that became [RFC8554].¶
The public key and signature values identify the hash function and the height used in the HSS/LMS tree. [RFC8554] and [SP800208] define these values, but an IANA registry [IANA-LMS] permits the registration of additional identifiers in the future.¶
The object identifier for an XMSS public key is id-alg-xmss-hashsig:¶
id-alg-xmss-hashsig OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {
iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5)
mechanisms(5) pkix(7) algorithms(6) 34 }
¶
The public key and signature values identify the hash function and the height used in the XMSS tree. [RFC8391] and [SP800208] define these values, but an IANA registry [IANA-XMSS] permits the registration of additional identifiers in the future.¶
The object identifier for an XMSS^MT public key is id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig:¶
id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {
iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5)
mechanisms(5) pkix(7) algorithms(6) 35 }
¶
The public key and signature values identify the hash function and the height used in the XMSS^MT tree. [RFC8391] and [SP800208] define these values, but an IANA registry [IANA-XMSS] permits the registration of additional identifiers in the future.¶
Certificates conforming to [RFC5280] can convey a public key for any public key algorithm. The certificate indicates the algorithm through an algorithm identifier. An algorithm identifier consists of an OID and optional parameters.¶
[RFC8554] and [RFC8391] define the raw octet string encodings of the public keys used in this document. When used in a SubjectPublicKeyInfo type, the subjectPublicKey BIT STRING contains the raw octet string encodings of the public keys.¶
This document defines ASN.1 OCTET STRING types for encoding the public keys when not used in a SubjectPublicKeyInfo. The OCTET STRING is mapped to a subjectPublicKey (a value of type BIT STRING) as follows: the most significant bit of the OCTET STRING value becomes the most significant bit of the BIT STRING value, and so on; the least significant bit of the OCTET STRING becomes the least significant bit of the BIT STRING.¶
The HSS public key identifier is as follows:¶
pk-HSS-LMS-HashSig PUBLIC-KEY ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-alg-hss-lms-hashsig
-- KEY no ASN.1 wrapping --
PARAMS ARE absent
CERT-KEY-USAGE
{ digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyCertSign, cRLSign } }
¶
The HSS public key is defined as follows:¶
HSS-LMS-HashSig-PublicKey ::= OCTET STRING¶
[RFC8554] defines the raw octet string encoding of an HSS public key using the
hss_public_key structure. See [SP800208] and [RFC8554] for more information on
the contents and format of an HSS public key. Note that the single-tree signature
scheme LMS is instantiated as HSS with number of levels being equal to 1.¶
The XMSS public key identifier is as follows:¶
pk-XMSS-HashSig PUBLIC-KEY ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-alg-xmss-hashsig
-- KEY no ASN.1 wrapping --
PARAMS ARE absent
CERT-KEY-USAGE
{ digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyCertSign, cRLSign } }
¶
The XMSS public key is defined as follows:¶
XMSS-HashSig-PublicKey ::= OCTET STRING¶
[RFC8391] defines the raw octet string encoding of an HSS public key using the
xmss_public_key structure. See [SP800208] and [RFC8391] for more information
on the contents and format of an XMSS public key.¶
The XMSS^MT public key identifier is as follows:¶
pk-XMSSMT-HashSig PUBLIC-KEY ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig
-- KEY no ASN.1 wrapping --
PARAMS ARE absent
CERT-KEY-USAGE
{ digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyCertSign, cRLSign } }
¶
The XMSS^MT public key is defined as follows:¶
XMSSMT-HashSig-PublicKey ::= OCTET STRING¶
[RFC8391] defines the raw octet string encoding of an HSS public key using the
xmssmt_public_key structure. See [SP800208] and [RFC8391] for more information
on the contents and format of an XMSS^MT public key.¶
The intended application for the key is indicated in the keyUsage certificate extension [RFC5280]. When one of the AlgorithmIdentifiers specified in this document appears in the SubjectPublicKeyInfo field of a certification authority (CA) X.509 certificate [RFC5280], the certificate key usage extension MUST contain at least one of the following values: digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyCertSign, or cRLSign. However, it MUST NOT contain other values.¶
When one of these AlgorithmIdentifiers appears in the SubjectPublicKeyInfo field of an end entity X.509 certificate [RFC5280], the certificate key usage extension MUST contain at least one of the following values: digitalSignature or nonRepudiation. However, it MUST NOT contain other values.¶
Note that for certificates that indicate id-alg-hss-lms-hashsig the above
definitions are more restrictive than the requirement defined in Section 4 of [I-D.draft-ietf-lamps-rfc8708bis].¶
This section identifies OIDs for signing using HSS, XMSS, and XMSS^MT. When these algorithm identifiers appear in the algorithm field as an AlgorithmIdentifier, the encoding MUST omit the parameters field. That is, the AlgorithmIdentifier SHALL be a SEQUENCE of one component, one of the OIDs defined in the following subsections.¶
When the signature algorithm identifiers described in this document are used to create a signature on a message, no digest algorithm is applied to the message before signing. That is, the full data to be signed is signed rather than a digest of the data.¶
For HSS, the signature value is described in section 6.4 of [RFC8554]. For XMSS and XMSS^MT the signature values are described in sections B.2 and C.2 of [RFC8391], respectively. The octet string representing the signature is encoded directly in the OCTET STRING without adding any additional ASN.1 wrapping. For the Certificate and CertificateList structures, the signature value is wrapped in the "signatureValue" OCTET STRING field.¶
The HSS public key OID is also used to specify that an HSS signature was generated on the full message, i.e. the message was not hashed before being processed by the HSS signature algorithm.¶
id-alg-hss-lms-hashsig OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {
iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs9(9)
smime(16) alg(3) 17 }
¶
The HSS signature is defined as follows:¶
HSS-LMS-HashSig-Signature ::= OCTET STRING¶
See [SP800208] and [RFC8554] for more information on the contents and format of an HSS signature.¶
The id-alg-xmss-hashsig public key OID is also used to specify that an XMSS signature was generated on the full message, i.e. the message was not hashed before being processed by the XMSS signature algorithm.¶
The XMSS signature is defined as follows:¶
XMSS-HashSig-Signature ::= OCTET STRING¶
See [SP800208] and [RFC8391] for more information on the contents and format of an XMSS signature.¶
The signature generation MUST be performed according to 7.2 of [SP800208].¶
The id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig public key OID is also used to specify that an XMSS^MT signature was generated on the full message, i.e. the message was not hashed before being processed by the XMSS^MT signature algorithm.¶
The XMSS^MT signature is defined as follows:¶
XMSSMT-HashSig-Signature ::= OCTET STRING¶
See [SP800208] and [RFC8391] for more information on the contents and format of an XMSS^MT signature.¶
The signature generation MUST be performed according to 7.2 of [SP800208].¶
The key generation for XMSS and XMSS^MT MUST be performed according to 7.2 of [SP800208]¶
For reference purposes, the ASN.1 syntax is presented as an ASN.1 module here. This ASN.1 Module builds upon the conventions established in [RFC5911].¶
X509-SHBS-2024
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5)
mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-mod-pkix1-shbs-2024(TBD) }
DEFINITIONS IMPLICIT TAGS ::= BEGIN
EXPORTS ALL;
IMPORTS
PUBLIC-KEY, SIGNATURE-ALGORITHM
FROM AlgorithmInformation-2009 -- RFC 5911 [CMSASN1]
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
id-mod-algorithmInformation-02(58) }
sa-HSS-LMS-HashSig, pk-HSS-LMS-HashSig
FROM MTS-HashSig-2013
{ iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs9(9)
id-smime(16) id-mod(0) id-mod-mts-hashsig-2013(64) };
--
-- Object Identifiers
--
-- id-alg-hss-lms-hashsig is defined in [RFC8708]
id-alg-xmss-hashsig OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {
iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5)
mechanisms(5) pkix(7) algorithms(6) 34 }
id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {
iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5)
mechanisms(5) pkix(7) algorithms(6) 35 }
--
-- Signature Algorithms and Public Keys
--
-- sa-HSS-LMS-HashSig is defined in [RFC8708]
sa-XMSS-HashSig SIGNATURE-ALGORITHM ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-alg-xmss-hashsig
PARAMS ARE absent
PUBLIC-KEYS { pk-XMSS-HashSig }
SMIME-CAPS { IDENTIFIED BY id-alg-xmss-hashsig } }
sa-XMSSMT-HashSig SIGNATURE-ALGORITHM ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig
PARAMS ARE absent
PUBLIC-KEYS { pk-XMSSMT-HashSig }
SMIME-CAPS { IDENTIFIED BY id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig } }
-- pk-HSS-LMS-HashSig is defined in [RFC8708]
pk-XMSS-HashSig PUBLIC-KEY ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-alg-xmss-hashsig
-- KEY no ASN.1 wrapping --
PARAMS ARE absent
CERT-KEY-USAGE
{ digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyCertSign, cRLSign } }
pk-XMSSMT-HashSig PUBLIC-KEY ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig
-- KEY no ASN.1 wrapping --
PARAMS ARE absent
CERT-KEY-USAGE
{ digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyCertSign, cRLSign } }
--
-- Public Key (pk-) Algorithms
--
PublicKeys PUBLIC-KEY ::= {
-- This expands PublicKeys from RFC 5912
pk-HSS-LMS-HashSig |
pk-XMSS-HashSig |
pk-XMSSMT-HashSig,
...
}
--
-- Signature Algorithms (sa-)
--
SignatureAlgs SIGNATURE-ALGORITHM ::= {
-- This expands SignatureAlgorithms from RFC 5912
sa-HSS-LMS-HashSig |
sa-XMSS-HashSig |
sa-XMSSMT-HashSig,
...
}
END
¶
The security requirements of [SP800208] MUST be taken into account.¶
For S-HBS it is crucial to stress the importance of a correct state management. If an attacker were able to obtain signatures for two different messages created using the same OTS key, then it would become computationally feasible for that attacker to create forgeries [BH16]. As noted in [MCGREW] and [ETSI-TR-103-692], extreme care needs to be taken in order to avoid the risk that an OTS key will be reused accidentally. This is a new requirement that most developers will not be familiar with and requires careful handling.¶
Various strategies for a correct state management can be applied:¶
Implement a track record of all signatures generated by a key pair associated to a S-HBS instance. This track record may be stored outside the device which is used to generate the signature. Check the track record to prevent OTS key reuse before a new signature is released. Drop the new signature and hit your PANIC button if you spot OTS key reuse.¶
Use a S-HBS instance only for a moderate number of signatures such that it is always practical to keep a consistent track record and be able to unambiguously trace back all generated signatures.¶
Apply the state reservation strategy described in Section 5 of [MCGREW], where upcoming states are reserved in advance by the signer. In this way the number of state synchronisations between nonvolatile and volatile memory is reduced.¶
Certificate Authorities have high demands in order to ensure the availability of signature generation throughout the validity period of signing key pairs.¶
Usual backup and restore strategies when using a stateless signature scheme (e.g. SLH-DSA) are to duplicate private keying material and to operate redundant signing devices or to store and safeguard a copy of the private keying material such that it can be used to set up a new signing device in case of technical difficulties.¶
For S-HBS such straightforward backup and restore strategies will lead to OTS reuse with high probability as a correct state management is not guaranteed. Strategies for maintaining availability and keeping a correct state are described in Section 7 of [SP800208].¶
One object identifier for the ASN.1 module in Appendix A is requested for the SMI Security for PKIX Module Identifiers (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.0) registry:¶
| Decimal | Description | References |
|---|---|---|
| TBD | id-mod-pkix1-shbs-2024 | [EDNOTE: THIS RFC] |
IANA has updated the "SMI Security for PKIX Algorithms" (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.6) registry [SMI-PKIX] with two additional entries:¶
| Decimal | Description | References |
|---|---|---|
| 34 | id-alg-xmss-hashsig | [EDNOTE: THIS RFC] |
| 35 | id-alg-xmssmt-hashsig | [EDNOTE: THIS RFC] |
This section shows a self-signed X.509 v3 certificate using HSS.¶
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
e8:91:d6:06:91:4f:ce:f3
Signature Algorithm: HSS
Issuer: C=US, ST=VA, L=Herndon, O=Bogus CA
Validity
Not Before: May 14 08:58:11 2024 GMT
Not After : May 14 08:58:11 2034 GMT
Subject: C=US, ST=VA, L=Herndon, O=Bogus CA
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: HSS
HSS public key:
PQ key material:
00:00:00:01:00:00:00:05:00:00:00:04:74:e4:73:
a8:23:a6:6a:7e:9f:a5:45:a8:fa:63:c6:fb:17:8f:
af:fe:28:d1:82:d3:95:92:3e:f9:e2:5f:92:20:56:
00:09:e4:36:f9:39:a8:ea:8d:e7:79:02:61:a8:42
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
D6:FD:27:12:44:AD:D2:76:19:C0:FC:6D:52:95:6B:19:
1B:F8:4C:9D:37:9E:6E:F0:7A:98:F0:6C:6E:C5:A2:14
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
D6:FD:27:12:44:AD:D2:76:19:C0:FC:6D:52:95:6B:19:
1B:F8:4C:9D:37:9E:6E:F0:7A:98:F0:6C:6E:C5:A2:14
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:TRUE
X509v3 Key Usage:
Certificate Sign, CRL Sign
Signature Algorithm: HSS
Signature Value:
00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:04:b8:20:60:54:98:f9:
ca:6b:fb:d4:91:a0:24:0c:19:f6:e2:4c:94:5d:b1:52:41:93:
85:8f:dd:97:2a:e4:76:8a:cd:36:7f:05:d6:35:ed:c4:8e:ff:
72:fe:16:41:54:e4:0b:2a:aa:e6:52:8c:03:25:5e:bd:79:b0:
48:c8:71:65:8c:31:bf:d0:8e:1a:59:88:37:c6:74:8d:62:4d:
7d:f2:e0:29:6e:46:58:43:a5:cd:6c:6e:65:19:66:50:59:f4:
94:51:ca:e0:f9:91:ac:92:c4:c0:04:78:cf:5b:9e:36:35:14:
0e:8b:84:3d:77:af:ef:58:2b:34:2e:c5:01:c5:45:09:ac:28:
8c:e1:db:c5:bf:19:d1:a8:0e:02:72:21:82:e5:f2:fc:9f:bd:
1f:72:31:23:62:f7:2b:60:80:49:21:7e:46:b5:cb:80:b2:4d:
6c:9a:68:8a:2e:84:ec:06:47:80:1b:da:c4:40:07:2f:c2:57:
02:39:cb:8c:06:9f:38:55:2f:18:80:2a:7d:08:e4:10:d0:f7:
41:7f:26:0e:4c:6a:73:78:a4:f7:1b:db:2d:b1:6c:16:b8:64:
f1:9c:69:2e:d7:b4:a8:d9:49:c0:c8:df:33:de:ac:ad:89:1a:
f1:14:42:b4:39:3c:cb:2d:1a:93:96:61:d8:ba:70:0c:b4:64:
23:80:ac:17:34:f5:e4:67:36:d1:2c:dc:b1:7c:ec:1a:41:3f:
be:28:f8:7a:c4:b9:f2:a0:8c:cf:8b:68:c3:98:02:09:5c:72:
4f:f5:4e:c7:22:37:8f:2d:67:f0:86:75:fc:ab:34:07:a7:bc:
9c:0c:b8:d6:90:93:a2:92:4c:a0:eb:7b:83:10:ed:ea:73:a2:
93:ac:8e:d3:e5:6a:93:ac:5f:17:5a:6a:67:84:9e:84:4b:64:
35:8b:2d:d0:47:8c:9d:9d:8c:d3:d5:99:a2:ed:e4:84:5e:bc:
5e:9a:f4:07:51:9d:08:94:19:95:46:c5:94:b1:e3:8a:9a:e3:
0f:80:9e:b7:9a:eb:a2:33:83:40:9f:47:e7:a4:9e:26:01:cf:
57:60:cf:ae:78:a2:0d:1b:a2:4d:41:aa:45:08:15:4c:ee:ad:
87:3b:74:58:f1:60:19:67:62:45:2b:da:c8:74:dc:a3:02:d3:
29:26:2c:b0:55:67:0b:a5:b8:a2:c2:1b:16:6a:9e:5f:23:02:
9d:b8:4a:61:8a:ab:3e:91:ef:0b:ab:be:ff:46:9d:c3:1f:2a:
b0:93:1d:86:64:42:d4:d9:31:ec:b1:5b:2c:8e:78:e6:41:4c:
5d:0a:f7:ec:d7:51:c8:5d:7f:de:df:ef:87:2a:2e:d6:3d:e7:
23:3b:1e:e1:86:ca:96:95:50:45:60:10:3d:95:f1:47:cf:d2:
d7:de:5e:db:65:a7:15:9e:bd:dc:f6:96:0e:f8:90:26:1a:8b:
cb:6a:7b:d2:32:fc:e5:99:4b:82:82:48:ee:56:f4:dc:a9:7c:
61:7f:60:94:c7:53:53:31:71:fe:5e:31:42:07:4d:9b:d3:4e:
48:39:75:56:33:67:6a:d6:b5:2c:36:9a:41:fd:a7:c7:fa:10:
2d:3d:50:a6:d5:c3:f6:2a:ab:ba:31:40:c7:2d:ec:d4:74:43:
c2:6e:2e:9b:a9:0d:36:9d:b7:c5:55:8e:08:09:8e:54:a2:a1:
9c:af:61:8d:b3:a3:4a:51:67:2d:60:7a:1c:f0:72:9b:90:5e:
42:a5:1a:af:74:e8:82:64:e4:78:d9:e9:4d:74:04:35:e3:71:
fd:0a:c8:f8:3a:fa:e4:a2:fe:08:eb:e1:69:84:ee:d0:ba:60:
f4:7d:80:8a:06:e6:df:32:68:da:07:4f:15:2e:82:75:92:6c:
e2:bf:ac:e7:ab:a4:e0:a3:ab:2c:71:1b:81:e5:8d:1d:d8:44:
c7:fd:a1:46:51:84:7b:e3:8a:b8:9b:04:28:63:26:0d:44:16:
1d:7f:b0:e2:76:c5:0e:c3:0a:d3:5a:da:ed:b7:28:f7:e9:55:
e6:d1:1f:0d:46:b9:1d:4a:79:7e:bd:4b:60:d3:bc:54:ef:95:
e3:e9:1c:57:1e:3a:48:b5:98:89:e4:92:cb:48:aa:db:ab:08:
31:7f:08:3f:d9:a8:3b:2d:81:40:cf:60:90:08:ba:a2:ca:0a:
0b:a7:76:2a:98:40:3c:03:e6:a2:a1:ce:8a:a4:bd:ab:04:87:
35:cc:b5:ef:da:92:d2:be:98:08:74:89:b2:e4:cd:78:75:7f:
8f:b8:fe:9c:02:07:a2:07:cb:34:e1:0d:e1:9b:4a:74:69:97:
f1:1c:5e:5f:28:2c:82:97:b8:08:c7:4f:97:33:90:83:df:d1:
c7:db:7a:28:1d:98:4e:ef:d5:c2:30:4f:a1:b8:ed:c6:c5:15:
11:d6:ee:f3:97:f4:22:95:48:12:f8:5f:ba:15:71:e5:5f:19:
44:50:c1:e1:70:bd:3e:48:a8:f3:2c:62:ad:8f:8a:9f:64:c7:
92:a7:ec:77:8c:5a:78:99:73:7e:77:12:61:28:90:92:a7:e0:
46:9a:39:29:1d:06:a1:5e:5c:f2:d6:bb:49:73:e2:88:da:ef:
3f:93:2e:98:b6:7d:01:b5:56:bc:30:08:2a:0a:22:4b:45:92:
b3:72:94:ff:07:e1:fe:f3:4e:58:38:cf:0e:e1:45:15:e1:93:
5a:21:52:77:5e:e6:98:17:16:71:b9:e7:8a:a2:2c:5a:d9:d7:
0b:15:86:70:69:6f:47:80:7e:87:c7:d0:3d:4b:f6:8f:ca:7d:
8b:6a:45:27:ee:10:72:b7:df:6c:43:1d:75:e3:ae:64:1d:b3:
30:85:32:32:2a:c2:8f:21:67:58:25:dc:51:6d:a3:6a:06:d1:
5d:77:b1:dc:33:6c:ba:0c:be:fa:c2:61:8f:30:18:c3:c1:c7:
6e:6b:d8:17:1d:bf:67:be:ca:af:94:cc:5b:f2:49:a7:00:00:
00:05:16:46:55:cf:04:6f:4f:43:be:87:22:e6:11:92:45:5d:
17:31:92:6f:17:15:2c:b5:f6:37:d1:fb:a5:8f:83:1c:ac:7c:
54:ce:2d:95:ef:b0:d4:44:c8:d5:d8:a3:e5:0a:b4:ba:f0:d0:
c5:ab:6a:34:88:72:d7:32:22:27:54:13:1b:60:0f:cd:32:e7:
cc:33:06:47:68:46:80:06:72:11:f7:74:ab:eb:38:23:30:68:
ad:48:01:e4:77:5e:34:e4:b1:c3:e9:46:a4:96:da:71:12:19:
b1:c2:7f:53:0f:f6:cd:4a:cf:12:e8:ea:25:1b:89:f6:35:54:
e9:9b:e1:02:d5:f8:d4:8b:92:56:43:fd:05:3b:4b:0b:dd:8a:
20:05:2e:18:7e:a1:a8:e8:55:18:3d:40:ff:5e:35:a3:c3:fb
¶
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIGsDCCAYigAwIBAgIJAOiR1gaRT87zMA0GCyqGSIb3DQEJEAMRMD8xCzAJBgNV BAYTAlVTMQswCQYDVQQIDAJWQTEQMA4GA1UEBwwHSGVybmRvbjERMA8GA1UECgwI Qm9ndXMgQ0EwHhcNMjQwNTE0MDg1ODExWhcNMzQwNTE0MDg1ODExWjA/MQswCQYD VQQGEwJVUzELMAkGA1UECAwCVkExEDAOBgNVBAcMB0hlcm5kb24xETAPBgNVBAoM CEJvZ3VzIENBME4wDQYLKoZIhvcNAQkQAxEDPQAAAAABAAAABQAAAAR05HOoI6Zq fp+lRaj6Y8b7F4+v/ijRgtOVkj754l+SIFYACeQ2+Tmo6o3neQJhqEKjdTBzMCkG A1UdDgQiBCDW/ScSRK3SdhnA/G1SlWsZG/hMnTeebvB6mPBsbsWiFDArBgNVHSME JDAigCDW/ScSRK3SdhnA/G1SlWsZG/hMnTeebvB6mPBsbsWiFDAMBgNVHRMEBTAD AQH/MAsGA1UdDwQEAwIBBjANBgsqhkiG9w0BCRADEQOCBREAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAE uCBgVJj5ymv71JGgJAwZ9uJMlF2xUkGThY/dlyrkdorNNn8F1jXtxI7/cv4WQVTk Cyqq5lKMAyVevXmwSMhxZYwxv9COGlmIN8Z0jWJNffLgKW5GWEOlzWxuZRlmUFn0 lFHK4PmRrJLEwAR4z1ueNjUUDouEPXev71grNC7FAcVFCawojOHbxb8Z0agOAnIh guXy/J+9H3IxI2L3K2CASSF+RrXLgLJNbJpoii6E7AZHgBvaxEAHL8JXAjnLjAaf OFUvGIAqfQjkEND3QX8mDkxqc3ik9xvbLbFsFrhk8ZxpLte0qNlJwMjfM96srYka 8RRCtDk8yy0ak5Zh2LpwDLRkI4CsFzT15Gc20SzcsXzsGkE/vij4esS58qCMz4to w5gCCVxyT/VOxyI3jy1n8IZ1/Ks0B6e8nAy41pCTopJMoOt7gxDt6nOik6yO0+Vq k6xfF1pqZ4SehEtkNYst0EeMnZ2M09WZou3khF68Xpr0B1GdCJQZlUbFlLHjiprj D4Cet5rrojODQJ9H56SeJgHPV2DPrniiDRuiTUGqRQgVTO6thzt0WPFgGWdiRSva yHTcowLTKSYssFVnC6W4osIbFmqeXyMCnbhKYYqrPpHvC6u+/0adwx8qsJMdhmRC 1Nkx7LFbLI545kFMXQr37NdRyF1/3t/vhyou1j3nIzse4YbKlpVQRWAQPZXxR8/S 195e22WnFZ693PaWDviQJhqLy2p70jL85ZlLgoJI7lb03Kl8YX9glMdTUzFx/l4x QgdNm9NOSDl1VjNnata1LDaaQf2nx/oQLT1QptXD9iqrujFAxy3s1HRDwm4um6kN Np23xVWOCAmOVKKhnK9hjbOjSlFnLWB6HPBym5BeQqUar3TogmTkeNnpTXQENeNx /QrI+Dr65KL+COvhaYTu0Lpg9H2Aigbm3zJo2gdPFS6CdZJs4r+s56uk4KOrLHEb geWNHdhEx/2hRlGEe+OKuJsEKGMmDUQWHX+w4nbFDsMK01ra7bco9+lV5tEfDUa5 HUp5fr1LYNO8VO+V4+kcVx46SLWYieSSy0iq26sIMX8IP9moOy2BQM9gkAi6osoK C6d2KphAPAPmoqHOiqS9qwSHNcy179qS0r6YCHSJsuTNeHV/j7j+nAIHogfLNOEN 4ZtKdGmX8RxeXygsgpe4CMdPlzOQg9/Rx9t6KB2YTu/VwjBPobjtxsUVEdbu85f0 IpVIEvhfuhVx5V8ZRFDB4XC9Pkio8yxirY+Kn2THkqfsd4xaeJlzfncSYSiQkqfg Rpo5KR0GoV5c8ta7SXPiiNrvP5MumLZ9AbVWvDAIKgoiS0WSs3KU/wfh/vNOWDjP DuFFFeGTWiFSd17mmBcWcbnniqIsWtnXCxWGcGlvR4B+h8fQPUv2j8p9i2pFJ+4Q crffbEMddeOuZB2zMIUyMirCjyFnWCXcUW2jagbRXXex3DNsugy++sJhjzAYw8HH bmvYFx2/Z77Kr5TMW/JJpwAAAAUWRlXPBG9PQ76HIuYRkkVdFzGSbxcVLLX2N9H7 pY+DHKx8VM4tle+w1ETI1dij5Qq0uvDQxatqNIhy1zIiJ1QTG2APzTLnzDMGR2hG gAZyEfd0q+s4IzBorUgB5HdeNOSxw+lGpJbacRIZscJ/Uw/2zUrPEujqJRuJ9jVU 6ZvhAtX41IuSVkP9BTtLC92KIAUuGH6hqOhVGD1A/141o8P7 -----END CERTIFICATE-----¶
This section shows a self-signed X.509 v3 certificate using XMSS.¶
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
34:64:cf:24:7a:c5:07:1f:2b:46:30:c2:3b:33:c0:1d:
fc:f5:1e:1f
Signature Algorithm: xmss
Issuer: C = FR, L = Paris, OU = Bogus XMSS CA
Validity
Not Before: Jul 8 10:01:33 2024 GMT
Not After : Aug 7 10:01:33 2024 GMT
Subject: C = FR, L = Paris, OU = Bogus XMSS CA
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: xmss
xmss public key:
PQ key material:
00:00:00:01:7f:c3:6b:e5:27:22:ed:ce:88:86:01:
5d:52:70:0e:50:17:04:4d:6f:8d:0d:c3:88:84:46:
19:ec:dd:76:f1:94:fd:bc:75:6c:af:ed:fd:2c:65:
01:be:ce:ba:be:49:e1:0d:e3:3b:87:70:6a:9a:60:
f4:da:f8:6c:15:78:fc:d9
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
6D:35:FC:62:68:53:3A:76:D1:AC:DD:AE:A9:6B:B2:DA:
83:29:E9:1D
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
6D:35:FC:62:68:53:3A:76:D1:AC:DD:AE:A9:6B:B2:DA:
83:29:E9:1D
X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
CA:TRUE
Signature Algorithm: xmss
Signature Value:
00:00:00:00:f5:07:3e:97:33:6c:99:f0:3d:56:a1:df:d9:69:
bf:2b:2d:14:7b:5b:65:7a:92:d6:02:65:38:73:07:19:17:36:
09:3e:6c:63:5e:cc:4f:45:68:fd:2e:7f:00:1c:2d:e6:15:5a:
25:7e:3f:08:f2:93:5f:e5:35:c7:62:84:5c:7a:8f:83:d9:98:
09:71:27:64:e9:7f:b2:e2:29:24:fd:c8:df:7b:f3:1f:a2:67:
e0:23:8a:fb:03:da:ec:1c:a9:fc:78:dd:b2:b1:7e:2e:11:6b:
e2:54:47:63:04:9b:fb:7b:a4:9e:c5:a1:78:3d:8c:34:4c:30:
ec:43:ab:9d:dc:89:c9:a5:a0:5f:b4:ba:7d:44:a2:cc:9f:82:
9b:cf:84:c9:4f:e2:ff:50:01:f1:f1:26:80:c9:6d:80:62:71:
ca:65:64:54:e3:72:82:0b:cb:f1:c4:33:29:2f:0d:c1:76:f4:
b4:65:56:8e:03:19:db:83:bb:49:0c:ba:4e:2a:f5:05:50:84:
07:5a:85:e4:57:4e:fd:0a:9c:bd:0f:e2:dc:ff:4c:df:65:68:
05:fb:06:28:2d:de:9d:98:77:23:cf:2b:70:b9:73:88:98:c6:
6a:54:44:46:6f:51:a6:7e:64:f2:2d:ff:cd:42:bf:81:17:a4:
fe:88:2b:97:47:e4:cc:e3:6e:7f:f2:cc:68:06:0e:ed:67:20:
aa:42:44:68:1f:28:3d:c5:3d:f7:90:82:11:63:1c:e6:e3:b9:
b8:c5:77:6c:8e:11:e1:37:f4:f3:d3:6c:40:58:64:02:09:7f:
7e:04:db:80:3b:1a:a7:6e:e1:3f:99:33:07:d4:ab:cf:cc:5f:
da:c7:c7:04:71:e6:bc:3c:09:0c:4b:92:e2:d8:1b:79:4d:95:
32:25:f1:5e:a7:ac:d4:fa:9a:b6:2c:a3:39:e0:99:ad:48:3d:
6f:40:66:8c:30:09:8f:b2:bf:46:b6:b0:f2:da:6c:61:94:f7:
94:be:8a:3b:5d:1e:22:a5:b1:70:65:6b:16:cc:a2:3d:63:8b:
c9:eb:74:22:b5:7f:0d:f1:3b:23:5a:58:9c:ec:de:72:0f:ea:
81:c1:60:f0:d1:3e:36:3c:f8:56:4f:c0:c4:45:8c:02:0c:fd:
af:46:69:c1:80:09:ee:62:81:92:58:08:cc:7f:a9:cc:47:c7:
52:5a:ce:f9:5d:85:48:50:1e:af:e8:3b:5f:76:63:2b:f1:d7:
80:ab:79:40:3f:73:29:d6:65:e7:a1:60:12:0f:07:42:85:38:
d1:60:f2:27:41:4b:71:66:1c:7d:7b:22:6d:59:c3:c6:c4:33:
78:6a:9d:82:04:1a:3b:16:00:03:80:b5:47:91:b0:2b:e8:7f:
30:6f:57:eb:9f:fc:3b:35:14:a6:1f:8f:cf:f7:be:73:06:3e:
52:48:80:37:03:a5:6c:46:b6:23:b5:75:69:bf:eb:36:8a:08:
ec:c8:49:14:a1:9e:cc:26:08:24:26:0a:73:df:59:1b:e1:34:
d6:10:9a:5f:40:8f:8f:51:d8:ac:99:2e:d7:99:ed:66:2f:c7:
41:d1:ed:6f:8c:4a:a9:ed:8c:01:c7:37:ba:53:33:19:e9:ac:
b0:31:50:ec:a0:26:90:e0:9a:d4:38:35:b3:d7:7a:b5:b1:9a:
f4:fd:68:85:a7:c9:77:95:6a:15:6c:8a:3d:1a:ec:12:b0:b7:
cc:75:96:da:74:64:73:32:fc:1a:55:da:e2:c1:92:fc:ec:5c:
1f:38:59:e9:bf:5e:ca:10:d1:37:d2:4c:0a:f1:d4:d8:a8:ab:
3d:84:91:2b:44:fd:85:e0:ca:aa:60:65:21:a4:7c:33:17:a8:
c1:6e:b1:94:4f:3d:1f:c6:88:df:29:63:a3:6c:c2:1f:b6:c2:
2f:f5:39:f8:97:ca:3d:67:7d:f7:7a:aa:14:86:da:16:a1:eb:
d8:f7:28:56:ce:d1:a6:72:8e:be:e8:d3:50:d4:39:f0:db:01:
18:c4:23:0e:89:e3:13:c6:3f:31:9b:22:33:35:85:5c:7b:fa:
fa:28:63:88:83:80:d9:cb:17:58:08:51:6a:87:c0:ee:1f:5f:
cc:c7:14:50:c7:07:c4:b5:14:ba:1f:6b:ee:bd:82:c4:a1:00:
43:bd:4b:fb:8b:b5:77:70:33:b7:9a:65:fb:ce:2d:77:7d:8d:
ed:26:38:19:7b:75:c0:ff:be:c2:ef:9e:87:3d:1b:92:6e:ee:
a6:1b:ce:9b:22:2d:70:5f:3e:f7:58:b6:47:ae:f5:a5:9e:96:
ca:4d:08:d8:13:6c:d4:b9:40:15:aa:c0:70:0d:ea:2f:83:b7:
8c:96:23:86:1f:56:03:be:62:2c:a6:8a:7b:fb:90:ae:9f:8c:
9b:18:49:59:17:d6:d7:01:96:f4:6a:62:83:3e:f3:51:32:2e:
ca:36:c1:07:bd:44:b5:7c:f0:5d:01:d9:a8:34:6d:eb:a2:e6:
e1:18:2c:c6:15:fa:b4:b0:f6:6d:81:3d:99:d2:49:20:b4:6a:
de:c0:30:3d:56:79:d1:69:78:0e:4a:95:28:ef:d2:39:a6:29:
b1:21:16:ce:9f:ef:65:cd:c5:c1:6e:0d:0e:49:20:7c:de:5b:
5f:5c:22:5e:7c:20:a7:5f:0e:0f:cf:ea:a6:02:97:4d:f1:b3:
aa:b7:7a:71:1c:6a:7f:18:ad:47:f6:5f:1f:4b:ab:08:9d:ae:
29:f2:3e:02:3f:b9:6f:bd:77:05:94:64:e2:cb:80:5b:08:9a:
23:6a:c3:c8:04:53:39:a5:b6:26:06:0b:24:6c:e1:a5:34:2c:
07:9e:49:29:bb:b3:d5:2a:7c:a2:79:35:de:8a:9c:99:0a:27:
af:f8:ff:ad:e0:db:64:ca:67:82:84:78:da:70:a4:0e:f4:37:
b0:0a:a0:79:7b:5a:15:4a:ff:28:c3:82:3f:55:54:b4:0e:de:
de:0c:9d:de:ea:50:8a:e2:c2:db:1f:58:9a:be:8d:ed:29:de:
b3:45:f3:06:4d:3d:77:3e:32:21:49:32:ce:6b:b8:5b:48:e0:
ed:50:44:b9:e9:a8:dd:7d:4a:1b:fa:06:76:d0:90:8e:64:0f:
da:4e:1b:f5:45:91:58:9b:b4:2d:a6:70:44:d3:ec:01:71:2e:
86:a4:54:dc:0f:fa:ef:84:b5:8a:a8:bc:81:42:7b:90:8b:9c:
19:63:98:8c:a2:d0:fd:2e:20:f0:3b:c5:2a:ed:a2:1f:50:0b:
95:c2:64:6b:cc:3b:67:3e:3c:54:02:2d:23:92:14:e9:7b:77:
5c:c1:16:5d:f0:43:ad:bf:d2:bb:22:e6:35:be:60:a6:b7:71:
72:ec:48:0f:f1:8b:94:13:de:ad:10:5a:98:f3:bc:93:9a:d9:
f8:ca:34:c5:15:52:a9:9e:df:8c:ff:4b:76:c8:31:96:56:eb:
50:40:17:9f:3e:8f:9c:f9:c4:77:6e:c9:2d:aa:14:63:01:af:
1c:2f:ed:5c:65:50:a6:35:18:a5:30:ef:7c:a7:b5:a6:f9:65:
2e:a9:d3:c8:51:b0:e6:3a:07:a5:f4:56:a3:8c:58:f3:91:90:
ca:80:38:ed:cc:64:07:37:b2:17:45:6d:3b:3e:c8:bb:43:33:
47:61:be:77:b9:27:c0:99:34:35:3e:ab:6c:44:1e:80:a6:d5:
3f:8c:e0:d9:aa:f5:68:8b:f3:f0:f3:99:a2:92:9e:b5:a2:4a:
ae:cb:3e:66:c9:cb:bb:cc:63:04:f2:02:2f:a1:fa:1c:35:68:
22:9e:37:f6:db:de:7f:0d:27:46:05:29:2a:2c:03:22:0e:66:
a1:d5:e4:48:95:9e:18:e0:c1:53:19:08:1b:90:7a:2a:31:b5:
91:70:53:e9:17:68:5f:0d:7c:11:08:7a:cd:46:5a:85:57:86:
5d:59:42:63:c3:c9:84:00:52:b1:a0:ef:ff:6f:9a:df:67:76:
0c:c2:68:d8:46:43:d2:88:42:8e:54:fc:75:1d:ca:3c:da:7e:
2e:cb:51:fb:bf:fa:95:49:cf:b6:47:cb:ab:cd:80:e7:11:5c:
b5:4d:88:7c:d7:47:df:e8:06:00:22:6f:3c:b2:b7:90:51:de:
d9:92:30:d3:37:e9:8e:b4:81:c9:7f:4e:6c:e0:5c:4d:cd:4d:
91:96:0c:c1:9a:7e:32:f2:bb:ce:de:d8:52:1b:2b:f2:77:21:
9f:5a:dd:54:56:b1:3c:0e:07:5d:ba:66:49:c2:a1:7a:6a:e6:
17:49:3d:39:b7:21:85:f7:b3:f6:44:50:03:eb:11:68:92:24:
3e:6a:ac:21:ea:b2:a7:d0:23:34:be:85:3f:bf:78:7e:5d:d9:
e9:9e:16:47:0a:66:3f:24:3b:7c:3a:cb:36:ee:4d:03:44:10:
50:66:28:99:d5:c2:98:43:9e:d4:62:32:41:8c:96:74:96:ed:
d1:d1:1e:df:3f:82:a6:38:38:b5:ee:85:45:91:db:53:04:b5:
17:da:5e:f6:ae:06:ee:f7:c3:97:52:82:f7:dc:e2:32:e6:28:
37:8c:74:3a:17:50:4d:b0:8b:33:ee:3d:63:0e:6d:b2:1b:4e:
84:6c:35:bb:08:03:ca:df:2b:a9:39:e6:50:e0:cb:fb:78:41:
60:2f:c3:4b:21:5d:9f:6b:80:5d:08:58:26:c1:18:f6:e5:b8:
40:2c:ca:1c:89:82:79:5c:35:fa:0f:3e:1a:0e:c9:a1:2d:83:
27:97:2f:78:40:1c:62:f3:f1:75:4d:85:0e:72:7e:99:70:04:
15:8b:77:48:19:af:29:6b:df:f4:b7:c7:ee:12:75:6e:a1:ca:
e0:42:41:a0:5e:e0:88:78:f7:70:94:13:a6:03:46:1b:d7:4e:
a9:7c:01:31:5b:7a:ca:97:04:ca:58:c0:d3:60:7a:fe:f2:8b:
68:25:7b:a7:10:ac:f2:e9:6e:e0:44:b3:eb:c4:3e:d1:20:07:
0a:1e:12:11:a4:49:88:be:fb:c6:83:48:2d:d3:24:f9:b9:8b:
13:5f:7b:23:37:f1:0d:f5:14:6c:71:f1:93:99:cb:8c:3b:4b:
58:c3:22:e7:f1:ad:4b:f1:5e:17:7b:c1:b8:14:25:df:e0:3d:
e1:80:af:60:76:54:15:55:a2:7a:c1:34:20:e4:c4:68:68:5b:
f0:1c:30:36:5e:a6:e0:eb:77:46:f8:2a:00:5e:45:88:dc:cb:
dd:c6:9d:d3:21:03:c5:18:cb:44:42:33:13:8d:93:75:4a:58:
1c:3b:cf:2c:2c:d4:f6:07:a5:51:27:5e:39:59:f2:63:f3:3f:
b6:8a:5c:ab:cb:93:87:5a:ec:c8:e9:bd:2d:42:2b:d3:6b:33:
d0:8f:c4:87:9f:27:92:d9:01:90:80:ca:77:b4:1d:1e:87:ce:
1d:19:2a:e2:f4:92:27:0f:a9:89:13:c8:92:97:36:27:37:bc:
a3:03:de:0d:bd:97:07:5a:04:19:88:14:96:e6:80:ea:96:fe:
2b:3a:ce:76:8e:17:91:60:df:61:9e:63:a9:ab:29:4b:4a:87:
b7:eb:7d:41:fa:12:74:5e:a1:55:cb:68:38:d4:9a:2d:ef:73:
a9:16:ed:59:b8:6d:f9:e8:83:3e:cb:9a:7a:3d:c2:a4:ca:aa:
ba:f7:ee:22:1e:60:2d:c2:fd:a7:d6:59:43:68:e1:a2:08:6e:
da:11:84:e4:85:74:0d:c9:52:b0:97:2d:a1:9c:03:21:dd:0d:
80:4a:10:b8:7e:91:00:e8:f1:5f:73:be:fb:7e:d6:8b:65:c6:
dd:a3:ed:39:b9:13:20:61:ba:f7:c0:cf:1c:70:98:f3:ac:f2:
03:09:41:78:e9:72:e6:3f:99:21:5a:29:77:ad:c3:06:d9:0a:
58:ba:82:5a:a0:12:b7:4f:6b:d4:be:63:b8:30:70:62:17:ff:
1e:2a:97:2c:c3:82:f9:58:1c:59:1b:33:3b:dc:04:1d:6a:4f:
26:4f:9f:dc:4b:ac:47:a2:a8:7d:ae:0d:1d:84:9d:e3:57:18:
b4:60:48:6a:8a:8b:3c:7d:2e:fa:63:2c:7b:7e:51:bb:7d:cf:
fc:98:0e:8b:21:7e:ca:91:59:55:51:a8:0a:b9:5e:1c:2f:1a:
ef:45:c7:92:55:19:bb:09:3d:6b:70:61:d6:39:4e:ff:1a:8d:
39:65:65:33:9a:2b:f3:8a:94:9d:34:39:9f:ec:ff:f3:8c:e0:
7d:f4:40:98:be:83:e9:57:1c:a0:12:54:9d:89:48:48:35:32:
f2:9a:ca:6f:82:5f:f3:24:46:c7:59:76:2c:91:ec:74:95:de:
1a:28:28:cf:6d:b2:6a:70:78:c4:87:12:d1:70:b0:d3:b0:1d:
64:67:3d:20:d2:5c:61:4d:07:3d:ca:f0:d4:56:70:a7:c2:92:
21:3b:7c:36:8c:cd:a1:3f:79:e9:07:d7:2d:98:c0:f0:86:c3:
3b:43:01:e1:82:04:9d:93:c8:48:c0:ca:25:7e:79:7f:b8:84:
99:03:38:01:90:bb:5a:f0:57:b7:5f:d7:be:ef:92:09:45:7a:
3d:67:db:5b:11:6d:30:6c:be:a4:73:27:1d:ed:e4:59:ac:b6:
5f:a8:38:7c:4e:63:dd:12:f4:12:7a:ac:45:5c:e9:64
¶
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIILODCCAV+gAwIBAgIUNGTPJHrFBx8rRjDCOzPAHfz1Hh8wCgYIKwYBBQUHBiIw NTELMAkGA1UEBhMCRlIxDjAMBgNVBAcMBVBhcmlzMRYwFAYDVQQLDA1Cb2d1cyBY TVNTIENBMB4XDTI0MDcwODEwMDEzM1oXDTI0MDgwNzEwMDEzM1owNTELMAkGA1UE BhMCRlIxDjAMBgNVBAcMBVBhcmlzMRYwFAYDVQQLDA1Cb2d1cyBYTVNTIENBMFMw CgYIKwYBBQUHBiIDRQAAAAABf8Nr5Sci7c6IhgFdUnAOUBcETW+NDcOIhEYZ7N12 8ZT9vHVsr+39LGUBvs66vknhDeM7h3BqmmD02vhsFXj82aNTMFEwHQYDVR0OBBYE FG01/GJoUzp20azdrqlrstqDKekdMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFG01/GJoUzp20azdrqlr stqDKekdMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wCgYIKwYBBQUHBiIDggnFAAAAAAD1Bz6X M2yZ8D1Wod/Zab8rLRR7W2V6ktYCZThzBxkXNgk+bGNezE9FaP0ufwAcLeYVWiV+ Pwjyk1/lNcdihFx6j4PZmAlxJ2Tpf7LiKST9yN978x+iZ+AjivsD2uwcqfx43bKx fi4Ra+JUR2MEm/t7pJ7FoXg9jDRMMOxDq53cicmloF+0un1EosyfgpvPhMlP4v9Q AfHxJoDJbYBiccplZFTjcoILy/HEMykvDcF29LRlVo4DGduDu0kMuk4q9QVQhAda heRXTv0KnL0P4tz/TN9laAX7Bigt3p2YdyPPK3C5c4iYxmpUREZvUaZ+ZPIt/81C v4EXpP6IK5dH5Mzjbn/yzGgGDu1nIKpCRGgfKD3FPfeQghFjHObjubjFd2yOEeE3 9PPTbEBYZAIJf34E24A7Gqdu4T+ZMwfUq8/MX9rHxwRx5rw8CQxLkuLYG3lNlTIl 8V6nrNT6mrYsozngma1IPW9AZowwCY+yv0a2sPLabGGU95S+ijtdHiKlsXBlaxbM oj1ji8nrdCK1fw3xOyNaWJzs3nIP6oHBYPDRPjY8+FZPwMRFjAIM/a9GacGACe5i gZJYCMx/qcxHx1JazvldhUhQHq/oO192Yyvx14CreUA/cynWZeehYBIPB0KFONFg 8idBS3FmHH17Im1Zw8bEM3hqnYIEGjsWAAOAtUeRsCvofzBvV+uf/Ds1FKYfj8/3 vnMGPlJIgDcDpWxGtiO1dWm/6zaKCOzISRShnswmCCQmCnPfWRvhNNYQml9Aj49R 2KyZLteZ7WYvx0HR7W+MSqntjAHHN7pTMxnprLAxUOygJpDgmtQ4NbPXerWxmvT9 aIWnyXeVahVsij0a7BKwt8x1ltp0ZHMy/BpV2uLBkvzsXB84Wem/XsoQ0TfSTArx 1Nioqz2EkStE/YXgyqpgZSGkfDMXqMFusZRPPR/GiN8pY6Nswh+2wi/1OfiXyj1n ffd6qhSG2hah69j3KFbO0aZyjr7o01DUOfDbARjEIw6J4xPGPzGbIjM1hVx7+voo Y4iDgNnLF1gIUWqHwO4fX8zHFFDHB8S1FLofa+69gsShAEO9S/uLtXdwM7eaZfvO LXd9je0mOBl7dcD/vsLvnoc9G5Ju7qYbzpsiLXBfPvdYtkeu9aWelspNCNgTbNS5 QBWqwHAN6i+Dt4yWI4YfVgO+Yiyminv7kK6fjJsYSVkX1tcBlvRqYoM+81EyLso2 wQe9RLV88F0B2ag0beui5uEYLMYV+rSw9m2BPZnSSSC0at7AMD1WedFpeA5KlSjv 0jmmKbEhFs6f72XNxcFuDQ5JIHzeW19cIl58IKdfDg/P6qYCl03xs6q3enEcan8Y rUf2Xx9LqwidrinyPgI/uW+9dwWUZOLLgFsImiNqw8gEUzmltiYGCyRs4aU0LAee SSm7s9UqfKJ5Nd6KnJkKJ6/4/63g22TKZ4KEeNpwpA70N7AKoHl7WhVK/yjDgj9V VLQO3t4Mnd7qUIriwtsfWJq+je0p3rNF8wZNPXc+MiFJMs5ruFtI4O1QRLnpqN19 Shv6BnbQkI5kD9pOG/VFkVibtC2mcETT7AFxLoakVNwP+u+EtYqovIFCe5CLnBlj mIyi0P0uIPA7xSrtoh9QC5XCZGvMO2c+PFQCLSOSFOl7d1zBFl3wQ62/0rsi5jW+ YKa3cXLsSA/xi5QT3q0QWpjzvJOa2fjKNMUVUqme34z/S3bIMZZW61BAF58+j5z5 xHduyS2qFGMBrxwv7VxlUKY1GKUw73yntab5ZS6p08hRsOY6B6X0VqOMWPORkMqA OO3MZAc3shdFbTs+yLtDM0dhvne5J8CZNDU+q2xEHoCm1T+M4Nmq9WiL8/DzmaKS nrWiSq7LPmbJy7vMYwTyAi+h+hw1aCKeN/bb3n8NJ0YFKSosAyIOZqHV5EiVnhjg wVMZCBuQeioxtZFwU+kXaF8NfBEIes1GWoVXhl1ZQmPDyYQAUrGg7/9vmt9ndgzC aNhGQ9KIQo5U/HUdyjzafi7LUfu/+pVJz7ZHy6vNgOcRXLVNiHzXR9/oBgAibzyy t5BR3tmSMNM36Y60gcl/TmzgXE3NTZGWDMGafjLyu87e2FIbK/J3IZ9a3VRWsTwO B126ZknCoXpq5hdJPTm3IYX3s/ZEUAPrEWiSJD5qrCHqsqfQIzS+hT+/eH5d2eme FkcKZj8kO3w6yzbuTQNEEFBmKJnVwphDntRiMkGMlnSW7dHRHt8/gqY4OLXuhUWR 21MEtRfaXvauBu73w5dSgvfc4jLmKDeMdDoXUE2wizPuPWMObbIbToRsNbsIA8rf K6k55lDgy/t4QWAvw0shXZ9rgF0IWCbBGPbluEAsyhyJgnlcNfoPPhoOyaEtgyeX L3hAHGLz8XVNhQ5yfplwBBWLd0gZrylr3/S3x+4SdW6hyuBCQaBe4Ih493CUE6YD RhvXTql8ATFbesqXBMpYwNNgev7yi2gle6cQrPLpbuBEs+vEPtEgBwoeEhGkSYi+ +8aDSC3TJPm5ixNfeyM38Q31FGxx8ZOZy4w7S1jDIufxrUvxXhd7wbgUJd/gPeGA r2B2VBVVonrBNCDkxGhoW/AcMDZepuDrd0b4KgBeRYjcy93GndMhA8UYy0RCMxON k3VKWBw7zyws1PYHpVEnXjlZ8mPzP7aKXKvLk4da7MjpvS1CK9NrM9CPxIefJ5LZ AZCAyne0HR6Hzh0ZKuL0kicPqYkTyJKXNic3vKMD3g29lwdaBBmIFJbmgOqW/is6 znaOF5Fg32GeY6mrKUtKh7frfUH6EnReoVXLaDjUmi3vc6kW7Vm4bfnogz7Lmno9 wqTKqrr37iIeYC3C/afWWUNo4aIIbtoRhOSFdA3JUrCXLaGcAyHdDYBKELh+kQDo 8V9zvvt+1otlxt2j7Tm5EyBhuvfAzxxwmPOs8gMJQXjpcuY/mSFaKXetwwbZCli6 glqgErdPa9S+Y7gwcGIX/x4qlyzDgvlYHFkbMzvcBB1qTyZPn9xLrEeiqH2uDR2E neNXGLRgSGqKizx9LvpjLHt+Ubt9z/yYDoshfsqRWVVRqAq5XhwvGu9Fx5JVGbsJ PWtwYdY5Tv8ajTllZTOaK/OKlJ00OZ/s//OM4H30QJi+g+lXHKASVJ2JSEg1MvKa ym+CX/MkRsdZdiyR7HSV3hooKM9tsmpweMSHEtFwsNOwHWRnPSDSXGFNBz3K8NRW cKfCkiE7fDaMzaE/eekH1y2YwPCGwztDAeGCBJ2TyEjAyiV+eX+4hJkDOAGQu1rw V7df177vkglFej1n21sRbTBsvqRzJx3t5Fmstl+oOHxOY90S9BJ6rEVc6WQ= -----END CERTIFICATE-----¶
This section shows a self-signed X.509 v3 certificate using XMSS^MT.¶
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
75:34:f3:ec:ac:43:63:74:2d:96:b2:28:99:f5:ca:9c:
c0:55:9d:9c
Signature Algorithm: xmssmt
Issuer: C = FR, L = Paris, OU = Bogus XMSSMT CA
Validity
Not Before: Jul 8 10:06:57 2024 GMT
Not After : Aug 7 10:06:57 2024 GMT
Subject: C = FR, L = Paris, OU = Bogus XMSSMT CA
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: xmssmt
xmssmt public key:
PQ key material:
00:00:00:01:14:f4:49:78:f0:17:f3:d7:55:69:97:
c6:10:19:f0:f6:79:da:27:95:4f:ef:9c:43:7c:c6:
9a:02:57:ca:ac:8f:a3:54:53:5d:45:a1:86:23:f1:
66:89:58:d2:bf:1e:7a:ec:3e:c8:a9:4a:77:bd:27:
e5:ff:87:44:14:2d:81:ea
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
7F:C5:C8:AC:4C:1F:05:28:53:54:5F:C6:70:71:A5:A4:
09:08:2F:9E
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
7F:C5:C8:AC:4C:1F:05:28:53:54:5F:C6:70:71:A5:A4:
09:08:2F:9E
X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
CA:TRUE
Signature Algorithm: xmssmt
Signature Value:
00:00:00:e4:65:12:e4:f4:c5:f3:30:85:e7:d9:26:89:7a:40:
cd:06:93:00:3b:73:1f:b1:45:23:35:3a:87:ba:b4:b4:32:c5:
70:17:df:37:81:73:5a:d0:1f:07:e7:e8:29:92:e9:c6:d3:69:
db:4e:f8:47:fd:94:97:bb:d0:f9:e7:0f:bb:c8:28:ff:88:20:
c2:b2:c8:49:4d:81:91:b9:60:6c:c8:b3:28:d7:cf:c4:90:23:
70:33:dd:a9:68:b4:97:0e:d3:15:24:23:f3:e8:16:71:9b:80:
46:81:94:61:69:47:87:8d:b5:d2:d9:d1:d1:bd:d7:dd:79:4b:
61:f6:07:cb:eb:6a:26:69:d4:d8:27:c3:86:76:56:91:7f:95:
53:00:23:78:7e:e4:cd:42:92:71:9b:b8:3f:37:c3:60:08:65:
3d:42:2d:4a:6f:ed:76:e1:b6:da:da:72:c5:18:9b:20:f4:b9:
cb:02:e5:0f:d8:bc:da:96:9c:7d:4d:67:be:20:29:1e:16:1a:
9a:89:a9:9a:47:57:a5:08:94:97:2d:6c:6f:c2:77:e0:81:3b:
55:95:48:8d:90:98:ad:73:b9:cb:a4:89:ee:83:73:ff:38:09:
9e:6b:0b:53:27:5d:50:33:6e:72:d7:70:73:11:cb:d4:81:21:
f6:01:12:ab:35:f4:fa:33:37:b7:ca:40:a1:ed:22:f1:58:0e:
bd:ba:b3:3d:c5:ac:fa:2a:2f:ae:a3:ec:bd:a5:79:cc:d8:f6:
0f:1c:cc:d2:02:f3:76:66:b9:c6:5f:ab:95:d6:d5:e2:75:52:
37:f0:4d:da:b9:ca:cc:c5:df:f7:46:a1:28:f7:91:cd:32:45:
40:06:83:15:78:2c:12:ed:ab:8d:80:8f:7a:7a:01:f1:01:c3:
b8:b2:04:a3:0d:bf:a1:6c:30:ce:ad:9c:fb:c4:69:2b:28:c3:
f5:32:f5:32:dd:dc:11:9c:08:fa:98:03:3e:47:8f:07:cb:69:
c1:a3:8d:43:a0:e0:3e:9e:2f:1d:66:c0:fa:52:a3:39:5e:a6:
76:ae:cf:b8:9d:64:75:12:7c:01:ba:d7:43:d4:8f:fa:1f:8a:
fb:6d:e8:0a:e5:91:84:0b:b9:31:c7:07:f2:19:d3:ae:f2:92:
04:44:79:e7:4d:3e:3f:81:f3:b0:d1:6c:d7:0d:91:52:ce:d0:
d3:c9:60:d2:11:a4:10:18:46:82:7a:ec:56:2d:28:31:88:dc:
32:06:9f:6c:9e:b3:d3:54:1e:eb:6a:aa:37:36:09:cf:fc:a7:
f4:5b:4b:31:13:16:41:cf:49:cc:40:2d:8b:4a:a5:b2:30:02:
a9:27:91:55:ca:33:4c:3e:ba:ab:fb:5a:c6:98:82:4f:f7:81:
a7:d7:a6:d5:0d:df:cf:2b:5d:06:74:8d:78:23:91:71:c6:ab:
fe:3e:f8:91:55:fa:31:22:f4:51:98:9a:6e:d7:81:aa:6c:08:
f3:a4:58:1d:ed:bc:65:31:82:0d:1a:b2:ad:60:2b:71:7f:63:
9d:c7:b6:e4:e4:0f:9c:4b:7e:6c:4a:e7:7f:96:1f:52:26:c4:
5f:52:d0:4d:b2:a8:38:71:95:37:06:c6:ff:f7:a4:b6:e4:3f:
12:bd:15:1e:49:46:24:db:42:5c:65:cf:1a:9c:98:e5:ac:8c:
c5:04:b2:9c:4a:15:25:c5:45:66:8b:90:95:b2:62:92:99:8c:
9f:87:9a:d5:a2:18:ab:77:a9:10:c8:6c:2c:5d:9e:3a:84:f3:
b6:58:64:f0:1c:ce:ec:50:9a:82:b6:59:b8:ae:81:0a:75:46:
00:5c:56:ef:44:3b:80:5c:72:f1:ef:5b:2c:a1:ed:14:27:cc:
55:5e:52:17:8d:bd:34:ae:a0:bb:be:f5:a8:15:9e:3b:59:8e:
f8:07:87:d8:06:68:83:f3:51:c8:64:bd:a5:d4:3f:ad:20:93:
62:09:62:84:ab:d0:db:2d:c9:2e:ef:63:1c:00:02:23:52:09:
2a:e9:6d:a7:15:6c:d4:28:1b:24:2f:5d:35:9f:2b:b5:57:be:
5f:5e:55:e1:c9:cb:5b:8f:99:b2:5f:d6:61:00:4e:e2:2e:2e:
25:5c:8c:cc:e6:e6:aa:52:aa:51:11:2f:f9:ba:63:61:ba:4e:
26:ea:46:2f:68:1d:06:31:fe:97:a1:62:04:b4:b5:cd:ff:7c:
99:d6:80:05:46:6e:7a:ef:a2:04:cb:de:d5:f2:21:ae:a1:62:
b5:a0:f2:f5:a7:04:d2:6c:a3:9e:31:06:c4:a1:0b:3e:c8:92:
2c:93:05:e3:3a:51:94:c3:23:3a:66:7f:df:2c:a5:19:e2:17:
2b:c5:4a:31:37:50:ec:02:5f:84:43:90:69:a0:ca:4f:64:fa:
99:1b:19:e3:11:e0:a6:27:57:94:06:99:03:93:f8:89:da:e9:
61:28:26:8f:3c:9a:f9:8f:f8:64:fb:23:1d:f1:dd:a0:87:e6:
a4:02:9c:60:e8:0b:43:3e:f1:b7:65:6e:0b:ab:7f:4e:80:ac:
68:3e:d5:df:7c:94:da:c3:98:b6:d9:3b:d2:70:34:7f:5e:1d:
fd:0d:70:fe:fb:e8:85:e7:91:6e:95:f7:f4:f3:48:6c:82:db:
74:02:4e:e4:65:05:ea:17:a5:82:40:95:7d:c1:84:f7:11:37:
a6:f1:34:f5:cb:60:66:cf:a1:79:73:7d:d8:b0:d0:85:09:68:
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¶
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Thanks for Russ Housley and Panos Kampanakis for helpful suggestions.¶
This document uses a lot of text from similar documents [SP800208], ([RFC3279] and [RFC8410]) as well as [I-D.draft-ietf-lamps-rfc8708bis]. Thanks go to the authors of those documents. "Copying always makes things easier and less error prone" - [RFC8411].¶