xCal: The XML format for iCalendar

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1. Introduction
2. Conventions Used in This Document
3. Converting from iCalendar to xCal
    3.1. Pre-processing
    3.2. iCalendar stream (RFC5545 section 3.4)
    3.3. Components (RFC5545 section 3.6)
    3.4. Properties (RFC5545 section 3.7 and 3.8)
        3.4.1. Special Cases for Properties
            3.4.1.1. Multi-valued Properties
            3.4.1.2. GEO Property
            3.4.1.3. REQUEST-STATUS Property
    3.5. Parameters (RFC5545 section 3.2)
        3.5.1. VALUE parameter
    3.6. Values (RFC5545 section 3.3)
        3.6.1. Binary (RFC5545 section 3.3.1)
        3.6.2. Boolean (RFC5545 section 3.3.2)
        3.6.3. Calendar User Address (RFC5545 section 3.3.3)
        3.6.4. Date (RFC5545 section 3.3.4)
        3.6.5. Date-Time (RFC5545 section 3.3.5)
        3.6.6. Duration (RFC5545 section 3.3.6)
        3.6.7. Float (RFC5545 section 3.3.7)
        3.6.8. Integer (RFC5545 section 3.3.8)
        3.6.9. Period of Time (RFC5545 section 3.3.9)
        3.6.10. Recurrence Rule (RFC5545 section 3.3.10)
        3.6.11. Text (RFC5545 section 3.3.11)
        3.6.12. Time (RFC5545 section 3.3.12)
        3.6.13. URI (RFC5545 section 3.3.13)
        3.6.14. UTC Offset (RFC5545 section 3.3.14)
    3.7. Extensions
4. Converting from XML into iCalendar
    4.1. Converting XML Extensions into iCalendar
    4.2. The XML property for iCalendar
5. Security Considerations
6. IANA Considerations
    6.1. Namespace Registration
    6.2. Media Type
7. Acknowledgments
8. Normative References
Appendix A. Relax NG Schema
Appendix B. Examples
    B.1. Example 1
        B.1.1. iCalendar Data
        B.1.2. XML Data
    B.2. Example 2
        B.2.1. iCalendar Data
        B.2.2. XML Data
Appendix C. Change History (to be removed prior to publication as an RFC)

1. Introduction

The iCalendar data format [RFC5545] (Desruisseaux, B., “Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar),” September 2009.) is a widely deployed interchange format for calendaring and scheduling data. While many applications and services consume and generate calendar data, iCalendar is a specialized format that requires its own parser/generator. In contrast, XML-based formats are widely used for interoperability between applications, and the many tools that generate, parse, and manipulate XML make it easier to work with than iCalendar.

The purpose of this specification is to define "xCal", an XML format for iCalendar data. xCal is defined as a straightforward mapping into XML from iCalendar, so that iCalendar data to be converted to XML, and then back to iCalendar, without losing any semantic meaning in the data. Anyone creating XML calendar data according to this specification will know that their data can be converted to a valid iCalendar representation as well.

2. Conventions Used in This Document

When XML element types in the namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:icalendar-2.0" are referenced in this document outside of the context of an XML fragment, the string "ICAL:" will be prefixed to the element types.

Some examples in this document contain "partial" XML documents used for illustrative purposes. In these examples, three periods "..." are used to indicate a portion of the document that has been removed for compactness.

3. Converting from iCalendar to xCal

This section describes how iCalendar data is converted to XML using a simple mapping between the iCalendar data model and XML elements.

3.1. Pre-processing

iCalendar data uses an "escape" character sequence for text values and parameter values. When such text elements are converted into XML the escaping MUST be removed.

iCalendar uses a base64 encoding for binary data. The base64 encoding MUST remain when converted to XML.

3.2. iCalendar stream (RFC5545 section 3.4)

At the top level of the iCalendar object model is an "iCalendar stream". This object encompasses multiple "iCalendar objects". In XML, the entire stream is contained in the root ICAL:icalendar XML element.

An iCalendar stream can contain one or more iCalendar objects. Each iCalendar object, delimited by BEGIN:VCALENDAR and END:VCALENDAR, is enclosed by the ICAL:vcalendar XML element.

iCalendar objects are comprised of a set of "components", "properties", "parameters" and "values". A "component" can contain other "components" or "properties". A "property" has a value and optionally a set of "parameters".

In xCal, "components" are contained within an ICAL:components XML element. With that element, another ICAL:components element could appear (representing components nested within components) or the ICAL:properties XML element could appear. ICAL:properties is used to encapsulate iCalendar properties.

Each iCalendar property will be mapped to its own XML element as described below. Within each of these elements there is an optional ICAL:parameters XML element used to encapsulate any iCalendar parameters. Additionally there will be one or more XML elements representing the value of the iCalendar property.

3.3. Components (RFC5545 section 3.6)

Each calendar component in the VCALENDAR object, delimited by BEGIN and END, will be converted to an enclosing XML element with the same name, but in lowercase. Any iCalendar components added in the future will be converted in the same way. As a non-normative reference, the table below shows the current iCalendar components and their XML equivalents.

3.4. Properties (RFC5545 section 3.7 and 3.8)

iCalendar properties , whether they apply to the VCALENDAR object or to a component, are handled in a consistent way in the xCal format.

Each invidivual iCalendar property is represented in XML by an element of the same name as the iCalendar property, but in lowercase. For example, the CALSCALE property is represented in XML by the ICAL:calscale element.

Each property can contain an ICAL:parameters XML element encapsulating any iCalendar parameters associated with the iCalendar property.

Each property will contain one or more "value" XML elements as described below representing the value of the iCalendar property. As with components, the table is a non-normative reference and is not meant to be exclusive. Any iCalendar properties added in the future will be converted using the same mapping rule.

3.4.1. Special Cases for Properties

This section describes some properties that have special handling when converting to XML.

3.4.1.1. Multi-valued Properties

Item	XML element	XML Definition
iCalendar Stream	ICAL:icalendar	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.4
VCALENDAR	ICAL:vcalendar	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6

Component	XML element	XML Definition
VEVENT	ICAL:vevent	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6.1
VTODO	ICAL:vtodo	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6.2
VJOURNAL	ICAL:vjournal	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6.3
VFREEBUSY	ICAL:vfreebusy	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6.4
VTIMEZONE	ICAL:vtimezone	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6.5
STANDARD	ICAL:standard	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6.5
DAYLIGHT	ICAL:daylight	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6.5
VALARM	ICAL:valarm	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.6.6

Property	XML element	XML Definition
CALSCALE	ICAL:calscale	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.7.1
METHOD	ICAL:method	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.7.2
PRODID	ICAL:prodid	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.7.3
VERSION	ICAL:version	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.7.4
ATTACH	ICAL:attach	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.1
CATEGORIES	ICAL:categories	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.2
CLASS	ICAL:class	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.3
COMMENT	ICAL:comment	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.4
DESCRIPTION	ICAL:description	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.5
GEO	ICAL:geo	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.6
LOCATION	ICAL:location	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.7
PERCENT-COMPLETE	ICAL:percent-complete	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.8
PRIORITY	ICAL:priority	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.9
RESOURCES	ICAL:resources	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.10
STATUS	ICAL:status	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.11
SUMMARY	ICAL:summary	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.12
COMPLETED	ICAL:completed	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.2.1
DTEND	ICAL:dtend	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.2.2
DUE	ICAL:due	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.2.3
DTSTART	ICAL:dtstart	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.2.4
DURATION	ICAL:duration	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.2.5
FREEBUSY	ICAL:freebusy	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.2.6
TRANSP	ICAL:transp	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.2.7
TZID	ICAL:tzid	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.3.1
TZNAME	ICAL:tzname	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.3.2
TZOFFSETFROM	ICAL:tzoffsetfrom	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.3.3
TZOFFSETTO	ICAL:tzoffsetto	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.3.4
TZURL	ICAL:tzurl	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.3.5
ATTENDEE	ICAL:attendee	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.4.1
CONTACT	ICAL:contact	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.4.2
ORGANIZER	ICAL:organizer	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.4.3
RECURRENCE-ID	ICAL:recurrence-id	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.4.4
RELATED-TO	ICAL:related-to	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.4.5
URL	ICAL:url	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.4.6
UID	ICAL:uid	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.4.7
EXDATE	ICAL:exdate	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.5.1
RDATE	ICAL:rdate	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.5.2
RRULE	ICAL:rrule	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.5.3
ACTION	ICAL:action	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.6.1
REPEAT	ICAL:repeat	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.6.2
TRIGGER	ICAL:trigger	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.6.3
CREATED	ICAL:created	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.7.1
DTSTAMP	ICAL:dtstamp	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.7.2
LAST-MODIFIED	ICAL:last-modified	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.7.3
SEQUENCE	ICAL:sequence	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.7.4
REQUEST-STATUS	ICAL:request-status	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.8.3

The following iCalendar properties can have values that consist of a list of "standard" iCalendar values separated by a specific delimiter. In XML these properties are represented by an XML element that contains multiple "value" elements (Section 3.6 (Values (RFC5545 section 3.3))).

3.4.1.2. GEO Property

In iCalendar, the GEO property value is defined as a semi-colon separated list of two FLOAT values, the first representing latitude and the second longitude.

Property	XML element	XML Definition
CATEGORIES	ICAL:categories	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.2
RESOURCES	ICAL:resources	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.10
FREEBUSY	ICAL:freebusy	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.2.6
EXDATE	ICAL:exdate	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.5.1
RDATE	ICAL:rdate	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.5.2

In xCal, the value for the ICAL:geo element is represented by an ICAL:value element containing an ICAL:latitude element and an ICAL:longitude element, each of which contain text values representing the FLOAT values. See Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.1.6.

3.4.1.3. REQUEST-STATUS Property

In iCalendar, the REQUEST-STATUS property value is defined as a semi-colon separated list of two or three TEXT values. The first represents a code, the second a description, and the third (optional) additional data.

In xCal, the value for the ICAL:request-status element is represented by an ICAL:value element containing an ICAL:code element, and iCAL:description element, and optionally and ICAL:data element, each of which contain the corresponding TEXT values. See Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.8.8.3.

3.5. Parameters (RFC5545 section 3.2)

iCalendar parameters are enclosed in the XML element ICAL:parameters which optionally occurs once in each property XML element.

Each invidivual iCalendar parameter is represented in xCal by an element of the same name as the iCalendar parameter, but in lowercase. For example, the PARTSTAT parameter is represented in XML by the ICAL:partstat element.

Each parameter contains either text, or one or more child XML elements representing iCalendar value types.

As with components and properties, the table below is shown as a non-normative reference. Any parameters added to iCalendar in the future will be converted by the rule given above.

3.5.1. VALUE parameter

Parameter	XML element	XML Definition
ALTREP	ICAL:altrep	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.1
CN	ICAL:cn	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.2
CUTYPE	ICAL:cutype	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.3
DELEGATED-FROM	ICAL:delegated-from	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.4
DELEGATED-TO	ICAL:delegated-to	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.5
DIR	ICAL:dir	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.6
ENCODING	ICAL:encoding	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.7
FMTTYPE	ICAL:fmttype	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.8
FBTYPE	ICAL:fbtype	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.9
LANGUAGE	ICAL:language	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.10
MEMBER	ICAL:member	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.11
PARTSTAT	ICAL:partstat	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.12
RANGE	ICAL:range	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.13
RELATED	ICAL:related	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.14
RELTYPE	ICAL:reltype	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.15
ROLE	ICAL:role	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.16
RSVP	ICAL:rsvp	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.17
SENT-BY	ICAL:sent-by	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.18
TZID	ICAL:tzid	Appendix A (Relax NG Schema) # 3.2.19

iCalendar defines a VALUE parameter (Section 3.2.20 of [RFC5545] (Desruisseaux, B., “Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar),” September 2009.)). This parameter is not mapped to an xCal XML element. Instead, the value type is handled by having different XML elements for each value, and these appear inside of ICAL:property elements. Thus, when converting from iCalendar to XML, any VALUE parameters are skipped. When converting from XML into iCalendar, the appropriate VALUE parameter MUST be included in the iCalendar property if the value type is not the default value type for that property.

3.6. Values (RFC5545 section 3.3)

In the typical case, iCalendar value types are mapped into XML elements with a matching name in all lowercase. In the case of the value for a recurrence rule (see below), iCalendar defines "structured" values and these are mapped into separate child elements for each value element.

3.6.1. Binary (RFC5545 section 3.3.1)

3.6.2. Boolean (RFC5545 section 3.3.2)

3.6.3. Calendar User Address (RFC5545 section 3.3.3)

3.6.4. Date (RFC5545 section 3.3.4)

3.6.5. Date-Time (RFC5545 section 3.3.5)

3.6.6. Duration (RFC5545 section 3.3.6)

3.6.7. Float (RFC5545 section 3.3.7)

3.6.8. Integer (RFC5545 section 3.3.8)

3.6.9. Period of Time (RFC5545 section 3.3.9)

3.6.10. Recurrence Rule (RFC5545 section 3.3.10)

3.6.11. Text (RFC5545 section 3.3.11)

3.6.12. Time (RFC5545 section 3.3.12)

3.6.13. URI (RFC5545 section 3.3.13)

3.6.14. UTC Offset (RFC5545 section 3.3.14)

3.7. Extensions

iCalendar extension properties and parameters (those with an "X-" prefix in their name) are handled in the same way as other properties and parameters: the property or parameter is represented by an XML element with the same name, but in lowercase. e.g., the "X-FOO" property in iCalendar turns into the ICAL:x-foo element in XML.

4. Converting from XML into iCalendar

4.1. Converting XML Extensions into iCalendar

XML extensions are converted back to iCalendar in one of two ways, depending on whether the extensions are in the iCalendar XML namespace, or in an external namespace.

Extensions that are part of the iCalendar XML namespace MUST have element names that being with "x-", and will be converted back to the equivalent extension property in iCalendar. For example, the "x-foo" element will convert to the "X-FOO" iCalendar property.

Extensions that are in a namespace other than the iCalendar XML namespace SHOULD be preserved in the iCalendar representation using the XML iCalendar property described in Section 4.2 (The XML property for iCalendar).

4.2. The XML property for iCalendar

Description: The value of this property is an XML element. The XML property MUST NOT be used to contain properties that are already defined in iCalendar, or properties that use the "X-" iCalendar extension property syntax. Since all elements in the urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:icalendar-2.0 namespace convert to a well-defined iCalendar object, the elements in this property MUST NOT be in the urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:icalendar-2.0 namespace. The XML element which is the value of this property MUST have an XML namespace declaration.

There can be more than one XML property present for a given iCalendar object. The ordering of XML properties is not preserved in the conversion between XML and iCalendar.

Example: The following is an example of an iCalendar event with a location embedded in KML markup inside the XML property.

5. Security Considerations

6. IANA Considerations

6.1. Namespace Registration

6.2. Media Type

7. Acknowledgments

This specification originated from the work of the XML technical committee of the Calendaring and Scheduling Consortium.

8. Normative References

Appendix A. Relax NG Schema

Below is a Relax NG schema for iCalendar in XML. The schema is non-normative and given for reference only.

The Relax NG compact notation "?" operator is used to indicate an unordered list of items. However, that operator, as defined, allows "mixing" each element that it operates on at any depth within the other elements, rather than just allowing "mixing" of siblings only. As a result, the schema provided allows certain constructs that are not allowed in iCalendar. Given that there is no sibling-only unordered list operator in RelaxNG, this is the best representation that can be given.

# Relax NG Schema for iCalendar in XML

default namespace = "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:icalendar-2.0"

# 3.2 Property Parameters

# 3.2.1 Alternate Text Representation

altrepparam = element altrep { value-uri }

# 3.2.2 Common Name

cnparam = element cn { text }

# 3.2.3 Calendar User Type

cutypeparam = element cutype {
    "INDIVIDUAL" |
    "GROUP" |
    "RESOURCE" |
    "ROOM" |
    "UNKNOWN"
}

# 3.2.4 Delegators

delfromparam = element delegated-from { value-cal-address+ }

# 3.2.5 Delegatees

deltoparam = element delegated-to { value-cal-address+ }

# 3.2.6 Directory Entry Reference

dirparam = element dir { value-uri }

# 3.2.7 Inline Encoding

encodingparam = element encoding {
    "8BIT" |
    "BASE64"
}


# 3.2.8 Format Type

fmttypeparam = element fmttype { text }

# 3.2.9 Free/Busy Time Type

fbtypeparam = element fbtype {
    "FREE" |
    "BUSY" |
    "BUSY-UNAVAILABLE" |
    "BUSY-TENTATIVE"
}

# 3.2.10 Language

languageparam = element language { text }

# 3.2.11 Group or List Membership

memberparam = element member { value-cal-address+ }

# 3.2.12 Participation Status

partstatparam = element partstat {
    type-partstat-event |
    type-partstat-todo |
    type-partstat-jour
}

type-partstat-event = (
    "NEEDS-ACTION" |
    "ACCEPTED" |
    "DECLINED" |
    "TENTATIVE" |
    "DELEGATED"
)

type-partstat-todo = (
    "NEEDS-ACTION" |
    "ACCEPTED" |
    "DECLINED" |
    "TENTATIVE" |
    "DELEGATED" |
    "COMPLETED" |
    "IN-PROCESS"
)

type-partstat-jour = (
    "NEEDS-ACTION" |
    "ACCEPTED" |
    "DECLINED"
)

# 3.2.13 Recurrence Identifier Range

rangeparam = element range {
    "THISANDFUTURE"
}

# 3.2.14 Alarm Trigger Relationship

trigrelparam = element related {
    "START" |
    "END"
}

# 3.2.15 Relationship Type

reltypeparam = element reltype {
    "PARENT" |
    "CHILD" |
    "SIBLING"
}

# 3.2.16 Participation Role

roleparam = element role {
    "CHAIR" |
    "REQ-PARTICIPANT" |
    "OPT-PARTICIPANT" |
    "NON-PARTICIPANT"
}

# 3.2.17 RSVP Expectation

rsvpparam = element rsvp {
    "TRUE" |
    "FALSE"
}

# 3.2.18 Sent By

sentbyparam = element sent-by { value-cal-address }

# 3.2.19 Time Zone Identifier

tzidparam = element tzid { text }

# 3.3 Property Value Data Types

# 3.3.1 BINARY

value-binary =  element binary { text }

# 3.3.2 BOOLEAN

value-boolean = element boolean {
    ("TRUE" | "FALSE")
}

# 3.3.3 CAL-ADDRESS

value-cal-address = element cal-address { text }

# 3.3.4 DATE

value-date = element date {
	text
}

# 3.3.5 DATE-TIME

value-date-time = element date-time {
	text
}

# 3.3.6 DURATION

value-duration = element duration {
	text
}

# 3.3.7 FLOAT

value-float = element float { text }

# 3.3.8 INTEGER

value-integer = element integer { text }

# 3.3.9 PERIOD

value-period = element period {
	text
}

# 3.3.10 RECUR

value-recur = element recur {
    type-freq,
    (type-until | type-count)?,
    element interval  { text }?,
    element bysecond  { text }*,
    element byminute  { text }*,
    element byhour    { text }*,
    type-byday*,
    type-bymonthday*,
    type-byyearday*,
    type-byweekno*,
    element bymonth   { text }*,
    type-bysetpos*,
    element wkst { type-weekday }?
}

type-freq = element freq {
    "SECONDLY" |
    "MINUTELY" |
    "HOURLY"   |
    "DAILY"    |
    "WEEKLY"   |
    "MONTHLY"  |
    "YEARLY"
}

type-until = element until {
    type-date |
    type-date-time
}

type-count = element count { text }

type-weekday = (
    "SU" |
    "MO" |
    "TU" |
    "WE" |
    "TH" |
    "FR" |
    "SA"
)

type-byday = element byday {
    text
}

type-bymonthday = element bymonthday {
    text
}

type-byyearday = element byyearday {
    text
}

type-byweekno = element byweekno {
    text
}

type-bysetpos = element bysetpos {
    text
}

# 3.3.11 TEXT

value-text = element text { text }

# 3.3.12 TIME

value-time = element time { text }

# 3.3.13 URI

value-uri = element uri { text }

# 3.3.14 UTC-OFFSET

value-utc-offset = element utc-offset { text }


# 3.4 iCalendar Stream

start = element icalendar { vcalendar+ }

# 3.6 Calendar Components

vcalendar = element vcalendar {
    type-calprops,
    type-component
}

type-calprops = element properties {
    property-prodid &
    property-version &
    property-calscale? &
    property-method?
}

type-component = element components {
    (
        component-vevent |
        component-vtodo |
        component-vjournal |
        component-vfreebusy |
        component-vtimezone
    )*
}

# 3.6.1 Event Component

component-vevent = element vevent {
    type-eventprop,
    element components {
        component-valarm+
    }?
}

type-eventprop = element properties {
    property-dtstamp &
    property-dtstart &
    property-uid &

    property-class? &
    property-created? &
    property-description? &
    property-geo? &
    property-last-mod? &
    property-location? &
    property-organizer? &
    property-priority? &
    property-seq? &
    property-status-event? &
    property-summary? &
    property-transp? &
    property-url? &
    property-recurid? &

    property-rrule? &

    (property-dtend | property-duration)? &

    property-attach* &
    property-attendee* &
    property-categories* &
    property-comment* &
    property-contact* &
    property-exdate* &
    property-rstatus* &
    property-related* &
    property-resources* &
    property-rdate*
}

# 3.6.2 To-do Component

component-vtodo = element vtodo {
    type-todoprop,
    element components {
        component-valarm+
    }?
}

type-todoprop = element properties {
    property-dtstamp &
    property-uid &

    property-class? &
    property-completed? &
    property-created? &
    property-description? &
    property-geo? &
    property-last-mod? &
    property-location? &
    property-organizer? &
    property-percent? &
    property-priority? &
    property-recurid? &
    property-seq? &
    property-status-todo? &
    property-summary? &
    property-url? &

    property-rrule? &

    (
        (property-dtstart?, property-dtend? ) |
        (property-dtstart, property-duration)?
    ) &

    property-attach* &
    property-attendee* &
    property-categories* &
    property-comment* &
    property-contact* &
    property-exdate* &
    property-rstatus* &
    property-related* &
    property-resources* &
    property-rdate*
}

# 3.6.3 Journal Component

component-vjournal = element vjournal {
    type-jourprop
}

type-jourprop = element properties {
    property-dtstamp &
    property-uid &

    property-class? &
    property-created? &
    property-dtstart? &
    property-last-mod? &
    property-organizer? &
    property-recurid? &
    property-seq? &
    property-status-jour? &
    property-summary? &
    property-url? &

    property-rrule? &

    property-attach* &
    property-attendee* &
    property-categories* &
    property-comment* &
    property-contact* &
    property-description? &
    property-exdate* &
    property-related* &
    property-rdate* &
    property-rstatus*
}

# 3.6.4 Free/Busy Component

component-vfreebusy = element vfreebusy {
    type-fbprop
}

type-fbprop = element properties {
    property-dtstamp &
    property-uid &

    property-contact? &
    property-dtstart? &
    property-dtend? &
    property-duration? &
    property-organizer? &
    property-url? &

    property-attendee* &
    property-comment* &
    property-freebusy* &
    property-rstatus*
}

# 3.6.5 Time Zone Component

component-vtimezone = element vtimezone {
    element properties {
        property-tzid &

        property-last-mod? &
        property-tzuurl?
    },
    element components {
        (component-standard | component-daylight) &
        component-standard* &
        component-daylight*
    }
}

component-standard = element standard {
    type-tzprop
}

component-daylight = element daylight {
    type-tzprop
}

type-tzprop = element properties {
    property-dtstart &
    property-tzoffsetto &
    property-tzoffsetfrom &

    property-rrule? &

    property-comment* &
    property-rdate* &
    property-tzname*
}

# 3.6.6 Alarm Component

component-valarm = element valarm {
    audioprop | dispprop | emailprop
}

type-audioprop = element properties {
    property-action &
    property-trigger &

    (property-duration, property-repeat)? &

    property-attach?
}

type-dispprop = element properties {
    property-action &
    property-description &
    property-trigger &
    property-summary &

    property-attendee+ &

    (property-duration, property-repeat)? &

    property-attach*
}

type-emailprop = element properties {
    property-action &
    property-description &
    property-trigger &

    (property-duration, property-repeat)?
}

# 3.7 Calendar Properties

# 3.7.1 Calendar Scale

property-calscale = element calscale {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    element text { "GREGORIAN" }
}

# 3.7.2 Method

property-method = element method {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.7.3 Product Identifier

property-prodid = element prodid {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.7.4 Version

property-version = element version {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8 Component Properties

# 3.8.1 Descriptive Component Properties

# 3.8.1.1 Attachment

property-attach = element attach {

    element parameters {
        fmttypeparam? &
        encodingparam?
    }?,

    value-uri | value-binary
}

# 3.8.1.2 Categories

property-categories = element categories {

    element parameters {
        languageparam? &
    }?,

    value-text+
}

# 3.8.1.3 Classification

property-class = element class {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    element text {
        "PUBLIC" |
        "PRIVATE" |
        "CONFIDENTIAL"
    }
}

# 3.8.1.4 Comment

property-comment = element comment {

    element parameters {
        altrepparam? &
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.1.5 Description

property-description = element description {

    element parameters {
        altrepparam? &
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.1.6 Geographic Position

property-geo = element geo {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    element value {
        element latitude  { text },
        element longitude { text }
    }
}

# 3.8.1.7 Location

property-location = element location {

    element parameters {
        altrepparam? &
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.1.8 Percent Complete

property-percent = element percent-complete {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-integer
}

# 3.8.1.9 Priority

property-priority = element priority {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-integer
}

# 3.8.1.10 Resources

property-resources = element resources {

    element parameters {
        altrepparam? &
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-text+
}

# 3.8.1.11 Status

property-status-event = element status {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    element text {
        "TENTATIVE" |
        "CONFIRMED" |
        "CANCELLED"
    }
}

property-status-todo = element status {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    element text {
        "NEEDS-ACTION" |
        "COMPLETED" |
        "IN-PROCESS" |
        "CANCELLED"
    }
}

property-status-jour = element status {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    element text {
        "DRAFT" |
        "FINAL" |
        "CANCELLED"
    }
}

# 3.8.1.12 Summary

property-summary = element summary {

    element parameters {
        altrepparam? &
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.2 Date and Time Component Properties

# 3.8.2.1 Date/Time Completed

property-completed = element completed {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-date-time
}

# 3.8.2.2 Date/Time End

property-dtend = element dtend {

    element parameters {
        tzidparam?
    }?,

    value-date-time |
    value-date
}

# 3.8.2.3 Date/Time Due

property-due = element due {

    element parameters {
        tzidparam?
    }?,

    value-date-time |
    value-date
}

# 3.8.2.4 Date/Time Start

property-dtstart = element dtstart {

    element parameters {
        tzidparam?
    }?,

    value-date-time |
    value-date
}

# 3.8.2.5 Duration

property-duration = element duration {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-duration
}

# 3.8.2.6 Free/Busy Time

property-freebusy = element freebusy {

    element parameters {
        fbtypeparam?
    }?,


    value-period+
}

# 3.8.2.7 Time Transparency

property-transp = element transp {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    element text {
        "OPAQUE" |
        "TRANSPARENT"
    }
}

# 3.8.3 Time Zone Component Properties

# 3.8.3.1 Time Zone Identifier

property-tzid = element tzid {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.3.2 Time Zone Name

property-tzname = element tzname {

    element parameters {
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.3.3 Time Zone Offset From

property-tzoffsetfrom = element tzoffsetfrom {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-utc-offset
}

# 3.8.3.4 Time Zone Offset To

property-tzoffsetto = element tzoffsetto {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-utc-offset
}

# 3.8.3.5 Time Zone URL

property-tzurl = element tzurl {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-uri
}

# 3.8.4 Relationship Component Properties

# 3.8.4.1 Attendee

property-attendee = element attendee {

    element parameters {
        cutypeparam? &
        memberparam? &
        roleparam? &
        partstatparam? &
        rsvpparam? &
        deltoparam? &
        delfromparam? &
        sentbyparam? &
        cnparam? &
        dirparam? &
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-cal-address
}

# 3.8.4.2 Contact

property-contact = element contact {

    element parameters {
        altrepparam? &
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.4.3 Organizer

property-organizer = element organizer {

    element parameters {
        cnparam? &
        dirparam? &
        sentbyparam? &
        languageparam?
    }?,

    value-cal-address
}

# 3.8.4.4 Recurrence ID

property-recurid = element recurrence-id {

    element parameters {
        tzidparam? &
        rangeparam?
    }?,

    value-date-time |
    value-date
}

# 3.8.4.5 Related-To

property-related = element related-to {

    element parameters {
        reltypeparam?
    }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.4.6 Uniform Resource Locator

property-url = element url {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-uri
}

# 3.8.4.7 Unique Identifier

property-uid = element uid {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-text
}

# 3.8.5 Recurrence Component Properties

# 3.8.5.1 Exception Date/Times

property-exdate = element exdate {

    element parameters {
        tzidparam?
    }?,

    value-date-time+ |
    value-date+
}

# 3.8.5.2 Recurrence Date/Times

property-rdate = element rdate {

    element parameters {
        tzidparam?
    }?,

    value-date-time+ |
    value-date+ |
    value-period+
}

# 3.8.5.3 Recurrence Rule

property-rrule = element rrule {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-recur
}

# 3.8.6 Alarm Component Properties

# 3.8.6.1 Action

property-action = element action {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    element text {
        "AUDIO" |
        "DISPLAY" |
        "EMAIL"
    }
}

# 3.8.6.2 Repeat Count

property-repeat = element repeat {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-integer
}

# 3.8.6.3 Trigger

property-repeat = element repeat {

    (
        element parameters {
            trigrelparam?
        }?,

        value-duration
    ) |
    (
        element parameters { empty }?,

        value-date-time
    )
}

# 3.8.7 Change Management Component Properties

# 3.8.7.1 Date/Time Created

property-created = element created {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-date-time
}

# 3.8.7.2 Date/Time Stamp

property-dtstamp = element dtstamp {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-date-time
}

# 3.8.7.3 Last Modified

property-last-mod = element last-modified {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-date-time
}

# 3.8.7.4 Sequence Number

property-seq = element sequence {

    element parameters { empty }?,

    value-integer
}

# 3.8.8 Miscellaneous Component Properties

# 3.8.8.3 Request Status

property-rstatus = element request-status {

    element parameters {
        languageparam?
    }?,

    element value {
        element code { text },
        element description { text },
        element data { text }?
    }
}

Appendix B. Examples

This section contains two examples of iCalendar objects with their xCal representation.

[RFC2119]	Bradner, S., “Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels,” BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997 (TXT, HTML, XML).
[RFC3023]	Murata, M., St. Laurent, S., and D. Kohn, “XML Media Types,” RFC 3023, January 2001 (TXT).
[RFC3470]	Hollenbeck, S., Rose, M., and L. Masinter, “Guidelines for the Use of Extensible Markup Language (XML) within IETF Protocols,” BCP 70, RFC 3470, January 2003 (TXT, HTML, XML).
[RFC3688]	Mealling, M., “The IETF XML Registry,” BCP 81, RFC 3688, January 2004 (TXT).
[RFC5545]	Desruisseaux, B., “Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar),” RFC 5545, September 2009 (TXT).
[W3C.REC-xml-20081126]	Sperberg-McQueen, C., Yergeau, F., Bray, T., Paoli, J., and E. Maler, “Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fifth Edition),” World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation REC-xml-20081126, November 2008 (HTML).

	Cyrus Daboo
	Apple Inc.
	1 Infinite Loop
	Cupertino, CA 95014
	USA
EMail:	cyrus@daboo.name
URI:	http://www.apple.com/

	Mike Douglass
	Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
	110 8th Street
	Troy, NY 12180
	USA
EMail:	douglm@rpi.edu
URI:	http://www.rpi.edu/

	Steven Lees
	Microsoft Corporation
	One Microsoft Way
	Redmond, WA 98052
	USA
EMail:	steven.lees@microsoft.com
URI:	http://www.microsoft.com/

xCal: The XML format for iCalendardraft-daboo-et-al-icalendar-in-xml-07

Abstract

Status of This Memo

Copyright Notice

Table of Contents